Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah
Ibn Ezra on Deuteronomy 28:22/אבן עזרא על דברים כ״ח:כ״ב
אבשחפת. י״א שהם מיני חלאים:
1CONSUMPTION. Some say that shachefet (consumption) refers to various types of illnesses.
בבקדחת. בכל יום. מגזרת כי אש קדח' באפי. ומהומה ומגערת ושחפת וקדחת ודלקת שם התואר:
2WITH FEVER. Each day. Kaddachat (fever) is related to kadechah (kindled) in For a fire is kindled (Deut. 32:22). The words mehumah (discomfiture), migeret (rebuke), shachefet (consumption), kaddachat (fever) and dalleket (inflammation) are adjectives.
גוטעם ובדלקת. שלישית או רביעית:
3Dalleket refers to a fever which comes every third or fourth day.
דובחרחור. מגזרת וחרה נחושת':
4AND WITH FIERY HEAT. The word charchur (fiery heat) is related to the word charah (bum) in and the bottom thereof may burn (Ezek. 24:11).
הובחרב. מגזרת חורב:
5AND WITH DROUGHT. The word cherev (drought) is related to the word chorev (dry).27 is a sword.
וובשדפון. נפיחות וכן שדופות קדים וי״א הפוך והטעם דקוק:
6AND WITH BLASTING. Shiddafon (blasting) means bloating. Compare, shedufot kadim (blasted with the east wind)28 as bloated by the east wind. (Gen. 41:23). Others say the reverse is true. Its meaning is then thin.29
זובירקון. כמשמעו בלשון קדר וי״א כי אלה חליים בזרע ובשדפון כמו שדופות קדים והעד הכיתי אתכם בשדפון ובירקון. על כן אחריו והיו שמיך וכן בפרשת אם בחקותי:
7AND WITH MILDEW. Yerakon (mildew) is to be rendered according to its meaning in Arabic.30 Some say that these31 (blasting) and yerakon (mildew). refer to diseases of the seed.32 U-vashiddafon (blasting) is similar to shidufot (blasted) in blasted with the east wind (Gen. 41:23). I have smitten you with blasting (shiddafon)33 here refers to a disease of the seed, for Amos goes on to speak of gardens, vineyards, and olive trees. See Amos 4:9. and mildew (Amos 4:9) is proof. Therefore Scripture afterwards reads, and thy heaven that is over thy head shall be brass. We find the same in the Torah portion If Ye Walk in My Statutes (Lev. 26:3).34