Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah
Ibn Ezra on Exodus 31:14/אבן עזרא על שמות ל״א:י״ד
אושמרתם. אולי יומת זה, כמו וגם בעליו יומת (למעלה כא כט), והעד כל העושה בו מלאכה בסתר או לפני עד אחד אכריתנו:
1YE SHALL KEEP THE SABBATH…EVERY ONE THAT PROFANETH IT SHALL SURELY BE PUT TO DEATH. Mot yumat (he shall surely be put to death) means: it is possible he will be put to death.55 It is similar to and its owner also shall be put to death (Ex. 21:29).56 The verse stating I [God] will cut off whosoever doeth any work on the Sabbath in secret or in front of a57 witness58. is proof of the above.59 does not mean he shall surely be put to death, for not everyone who violates the Sabbath is executed.