Chasidut · Breslov
Likutei Moharan 66:5/ליקוטי מוהר"ן ס״ו:ה׳
אכִּי אֵין לְהָאָדָם לִפְטֹר אֶת עַצְמוֹ וְלִמְצֹא לְעַצְמוֹ תֵּרוּץ עַל יְדֵי הַמְּנִיעָה, לוֹמַר שֶׁהוּא חָפֵץ לַעֲשׂוֹת אוֹתוֹ הַדָּבָר, רַק שֶׁאִי אֶפְשָׁר לוֹ מֵחֲמַת הַמְּנִיעָה וְהָאֹנֶס, וְעַל כֵּן יִהְיֶה נֶחֱשָׁב לוֹ כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ברכות ו): חָשַׁב לַעֲשׂוֹת מִצְוָה, וְנֶאֱנַס וְלֹא עֲשָׂאָהּ – כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ. כִּי בֶּאֱמֶת בְּוַדַּאי כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֹנֶס, נֶחֱשָׁב כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה.
15A. Nor should a person use the obstacle as a means of exempting himself or as an excuse. [He should not] say that he wants to do the thing but cannot because of the obstacle or circumstance, and so should be credited as having done it, as our Sages, of blessed memory, taught: If a person intended to do a mitzvah but circumstances prevented him from carrying it out, it is as if he had done it (Kiddushin 40a). The truth is that when circumstances [prevent a person from performing a mitzvah], it is certainly considered as if he carried it out, as our Sages taught.
באֲבָל כָּל זֶה נֶאֱמַר עַל מִי שֶׁרוֹצֶה לָצֵאת בָּזֶה, אֲזַי יוֹצֵא בָּהּ, כִּי מַה לּוֹ לַעֲשׂוֹת, כִּי יֵשׁ לוֹ אֹנֶס. אֲבָל מִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ רוֹצֶה לָצֵאת, רַק שֶׁהוּא רוֹצֶה הַמִּצְוָה בְּעַצְמָהּ, אוֹ הַדָּבָר שֶׁבִּקְדֻשָּׁה שֶׁרוֹצֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת, הוּא חָפֵץ בְּהַדָּבָר עַצְמוֹ, אִם כֵּן מַה מּוֹעִיל לוֹ, מַה שֶּׁמְּקִלִּין לוֹ שֶׁנֶּחֱשָׁב כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ, כִּי אֵינוֹ מְקָרֵר דַּעְתּוֹ כְּלָל בָּזֶה, כִּי הוּא תָּאֵב וְחָפֵץ וּמִתְגַּעְגֵּעַ מְאֹד לַעֲשׂוֹת הַמִּצְוָה בְּעַצְמָהּ, וְלֹא לָצֵאת עִם הַ'כְּאִלּוּ', שֶׁנֶּחֱשָׁב כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ. כִּי בֶּאֱמֶת רָאוּי לְאִישׁ יִשְׂרְאֵלִי, שֶׁיִּגְמֹר חֶפְצוֹ וּרְצוֹנוֹ בְּכָל דָּבָר שֶׁבִּקְדֻשָּׁה מִכֹּחַ אֶל הַפֹּעַל.
2However, all this applies to someone who wants to discharge his obligation with this. And so he discharges it <with this>, for what could he do? He was prevented by circumstance. But someone who is not looking to discharge his obligation, but rather wants the mitzvah itself or the holy thing <that he has> to do—he desires that thing itself. In that case, what benefit does he have from this special concession, whereby it is considered as if he had done it? This in no way eases his mind, since he desires, longs and yearns greatly to perform the mitzvah itself, and not to discharge his obligation with an “as if”—that it be considered “as if he had done it.” For in truth, a Jew ought to fulfill his desire and aspiration in regard to all holy matters, turning potential into actual.
גוַאֲזַי, כְּשֶׁחוֹשֵׁק מְאֹד בֶּאֱמֶת, וְאֵינוֹ מְקָרֵר דַּעְתּוֹ כְּלָל בַּמֶּה שֶּׁנֶּחְשָׁב עָלָיו כְּאִלּוּ עֲשָׂאָהּ, אֲזַי בְּוַדַּאי יִגְמֹר הַדָּבָר וְיוֹצִיאוֹ מִכֹּחַ אֶל הַפֹּעַל, וִישַׁבֵּר וִיבַטֵּל כָּל הַמְּנִיעוֹת וָאֳנָסִים, כִּי הֵם לֹא בָּאוּ רַק בִּשְׁבִיל הַחֵשֶׁק, וּכְשֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ הַחֵשֶׁק הָרָאוּי לְאוֹתוֹ הַמְּנִיעָה כְּפִי גֹּדֶל מַעֲלַת הַנֶּחֱשָׁק, אֲזַי מִמֵּילָא נִתְבַּטֵּל הָאֹנֶס וְהַמְּנִיעָה כַּנַּ"ל:
3Thus, when his desire is genuinely strong, and his mind is in no way eased by it being considered “as if he had done it,” he will certainly accomplish the thing, turning possibility into reality. Every barrier and circumstance <will be broken and eliminated>. Their sole purpose was for the sake of desire, and so when a person’s desire matches that obstacle—is in proportion to the magnitude of the desired objective—the circumstance or obstacle automatically disappears.
דוְזֶה בְּחִינַת (דברים כ״ו:ה׳): וַיֵּרֶד מִצְרַיְמָה – אָנוּס עַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר. שֶׁכְּשֶׁהַדִּבּוּר יוֹרֵד בְּמֵצַר הַגָּרוֹן, שֶׁזֶּה בְּחִינַת גָּלוּת מִצְרַיִם, אֲזַי הוּא אָנוּס עַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר, הַיְנוּ שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ אֹנֶס וּמְנִיעָה עַל־יְדֵי שֶׁאֵין נְקֻדּוֹת לְהָאוֹתִיּוֹת, וְאֵינוֹ יָכוֹל לְהוֹצִיאוֹ מִמֵּצַר הַגָּרוֹן, שֶׁמִּזֶּה בָּאִין כָּל הַמְּנִיעוֹת וָאֳנָסִין כַּנַּ"ל. וְזֶהוּ בְּחִינַת אָנוּס עַל פִּי הַדִּבּוּר, שֶׁעַל־יְדֵי שֶׁאֵין הַדִּבּוּר בִּשְׁלֵמוּת, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה הוּא אָנוּס, כַּנַּ"ל:
45B. This is the meaning of “‘he descended to Egypt’—compelled by the word [of God]” (Passover Haggadah interpreting Deuteronomy 26:5). When speech descends to the narrow of the throat, which is the aspect of the Egyptian exile, one is “a’noos (compelled) by the word”—i.e., he encounters o’ness (an unavoidable circumstance) or an obstacle, because the letters are lacking vowel points and so he cannot express them from the narrow of the throat. As explained above, this is the root of all the obstacles and circumstances. And this is the meaning of “compelled by the word”: because speech is lacking perfection, he is someone who is compelled [by circumstance].