Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah
Sforno on Leviticus 25:15/ספורנו על ויקרא כ״ה:ט״ו
אבְּמִסְפַּר שָׁנִים תִּקְנֶה. לֹא תִהְיֶה אוֹנָאָה בְּמִנְיַן הַשָּׁנִים, כְּאָמְרָם זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (בבא מציעא נו) כָּל דָּבָר שֶׁבַּמִּדָּה וְשֶׁבַּמִּשְׁקָל וְשֶׁבַּמִּנְיָן, אֲפִלּוּ פָּחוֹת מִכְּדֵי אוֹנָאָה חוֹזֵר.
1במספר שנים תקנה, you are to pay a price corresponding to the number of years that you will own the land. Our sages state that when it comes to matters which are subject to verification by weight, by measure, or number, even if the overcharge amounted to less than 1/6th, the usual leeway when buying things in “bundles,” etc, is refundable. (Baba Metzia 56)
באַחַר הַיּוֹבֵל תִּקְנֶה. שֶׁאֵין רָאוּי לִקְנוֹת בַּיּוֹבֵל, בְּאֹפֶן שֶׁלִּפְעָמִים לֹא תִשְׁהֶא בְּיַד הַבְּעָלִים הַשָּׁבִים אֵלֶיהָ שׁוּם זְמַן, וְהָיוּ כְּלֹא הָיוּ שָׁבִים אֶל אֲחֻזָּתָם כְּלָל.
2אחר היובל תקנה, there is no point in purchasing a field during the actual Jubilee year, as a situation might arise in which the returning owners cannot retain possession of it for any meaningful amount of time at all, depriving them of the feeling that they had benefited from the Yovel institution.
גשְׁנֵי תְבוּאוֹת. וְלֹא שְׁנֵי שִׁדָּפוֹן וְיֵרָקוֹן, כְּמִשְׁפַּט בִּשְׂכִירוּת קַרְקַע וַחֲכִירוּתוֹ.
3שני תבואות, years during which a harvest is produced, not years of drought, etc. The conditions are parallel to a farmer who enters into a tenancy agreement working the field for the owner and giving him a portion of the harvest.