Midrash · Halachah

Sifrei Devarim 142/ספרי דברים קמ״ב

א(דברים טז טו) שִׁבְעַת יָמִים תָּחֹג לַה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ בַּמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִבְחַר ה׳, וַהֲלֹא כְּבָר נֶאֱמַר (ויקרא כג לד) ״חַג הַסֻּכּוֹת שִׁבְעַת יָמִים לַה׳״? מַה תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר שִׁבְעַת יָמִים? מְלַמֵּד שֶׁכָּל הָרֶגֶל תַּשְׁלוּמִים לָרִאשׁוֹן.

1Pisqa’ 142⁴⁸⁵1. “For seven days shall you be festive before HASHEM your God,in the place which HASHEM your God shall choose” (Dt. 16:15).But isn’t it already said:“The Feast of Huts, seven days for HASHEM” (Lv. 23:34)?Why, then, does the Teaching [again] state:“For seven days” (Dt. 16:15)?This teaches thatThe entire [seven days of a] Pilgrimage-Festivalmay compensate for[having missed the Festival-offering required on]the first day.

ב[יָכוֹל יִטְעוֹן חֲגִיגָה כָּל שִׁבְעָה? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: (ויקרא כג מא) ״אוֹתוֹ״,] אִם כֵּן לָמָּה נֶאֱמַר שִׁבְעַת יָמִים? תַּשְׁלוּמִים כָּל שִׁבְעָה.

2{Is it possible to say thata Festival-offering is mandated foreach of the seven days?The Teaching states:“You shall be festive with it” (Lv. 23:41)—[it implies that the Festival-offeringis offered only on one of the days].}⁴⁸⁶If so, why is it stated:“For seven days” (Dt. 16:15)?[This teaches that] compensation[for having missed the first day, is possible]for all seven days.

גכִּי יְבָרֶכְךָ ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ, יָכוֹל בּוֹ בַּמִּין? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: בְּכָל תְּבוּאָתְךָ וּבְכֹל מַעֲשֵׂה יָדֶיךָ.

32. “For HASHEM your God will bless you in all your yield” (Dt. 16:15).Is it possible to say thatonly that crop will receive blessing?The Teaching states:“In all your yield and in all the work of your hands” (Dt. 16:15)—[thus, all your crops will thrive].

דוְהָיִיתָ אַךְ שָׂמֵחַ, לְרַבּוֹת לֵילֵי יוֹם טוֹב הָרִאשׁוֹן לְשִׂמְחָה.

4“And you shall know only joy” (Dt. 16:15)—[this clause] includes the eveof the first Feast-dayin the mandate to rejoice.

היָכוֹל שֶׁאֲנִי מְרַבֶּה לֵילֵי יוֹם טוֹב הָאַחֲרוֹן לְשִׂמְחָה? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אַךְ.

5Is it possible to say thatI can include the night of the last Feast-day in the rule of rejoicing?The Teaching states:“Only” (Dt. 16:15)—[excluding the night of the last Feast-day from the rule of rejoicing].

ומִכָּן אָמְרוּ: (חגיגה א, ד) יִשְׂרָאֵל יוֹצְאִים יְדֵי חוֹבָתָם בִּנְדָרִים וּבִנְדָבוֹת. יָכוֹל אַף בְּעוֹפוֹת וּבִמְנָחוֹת? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אַךְ.

63. On this basis they taught[regarding the Festival-offering]:Israel may even satisfy its obligationwith Vow-offerings and Voluntary-offerings.Is it possible to say thateven Bird-offerings and Grain-offeringsmay be included among the Festival-offerings?The Teaching states:“Only” (Dt. 16:15)—[such offerings, containing no meat, are not suitable under the rule of rejoicing].⁴⁸⁷141.1