Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah
Ibn Ezra on Exodus 12:3/אבן עזרא על שמות י״ב:ג׳
אדברו אל כל עדת בני ישראל. כי כל בני מצות חייבים:
1SPEAK YE UNTO ALL THE CONGREGATION OF THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL. For all those who are obligated to observe the commandments165 are required to do this.166.
בויקחו להם. מי שיש להם ממקנהו כי מקנה רב היה להם או יקנו, ויפת אמר כי מיום העשור יחלו להכין השה יום י"ד רק לא ידענו אם זו מצוה לדורות, או על פסח מצרים:
2THEY SHALL TAKE. Whoever has cattle shall take from his cattle, as the Israelites had a lot of cattle. Or yikchu (they shall take) means they shall buy. Yefet says that they should start preparing the lamb on the tenth day and do so till the fourteenth day.167. 38. The word ad (until) is missing from our texts. However, we do not know168 whether this is a command for all generations or pertained only to the Passover observed in Egypt.169 96a.
גשה לבית אבות. אם הם מעוטים.
3A LAMB, ACCORDING TO THEIR FATHERS’ HOUSES. If they be few.170 (father’s house). A bet av consisted of all families descended from one person. A bayit (household) referred to the immediate family.
דשה לבית. אם הם רבים ואחר שאמר שה לבית אבות אמר שה לכל בית ובית, ובתחלת זה הספר פירשתי בית:
4A LAMB FOR A HOUSEHOLD. If they be many.171. After stating, a lamb, according to their fathers’ houses, Scripture says a lamb for each and every household.172 (a father’s house) and a bayit (a household). I have already explained the meaning of bayit (household) at the beginning of this book.173 refers to a man and his descendants.