Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah

Ibn Ezra on Exodus 13:4/אבן עזרא על שמות י״ג:ד׳

אהיום. הזכיר בתחלה ולא יאכל חמץ, וככה תעשו לדורות, כמו שעשיתם ביום שיצאתם, וכאשר היה זה בזמן שהאביב נמצא ככה תעשו בכל שנה בעת המצא האביב בארץ ישראל, זהו האביב שעורה ופי' אביב כמו בִכּור, כי הוא מגזרת אב, שהוא כמו ראשון לאשר הוליד, או חכם לתלמיד שלמד, וכתוב כי השעורה אביב (למעלה ט לא), והעד שאמר בחג שבועות בכורי קציר חטים (למטה לד כב):

1THIS DAY. Moses first mentions, there shall be no leavened bread eaten, its meaning being, do in future generations what you did on the day that you left Egypt.¹¹ As you left Egypt at the time when the first ears (aviv) are found,¹² (This day ye go forth in the month Abib). I.E. interprets this verse to mean: This day ye go forth in the month of fresh ears. so shall you do yearly in the future in the Land of Israel when the first ears come. The first ears refers to the first ears of barley. The word aviv (Abib) means the first that ripens.¹³ Aviv comes from the same root as av (father), which means first to the one whom one begets, or sage¹⁴. Cf. Jud. 17:10, Dwell with me, and be unto me a father (av) and a priest; and Pirke Avot (Ethics of the Fathers/Sages). to the student whom one teaches.¹⁵ means first in wisdom. Furthermore, it is written, for the barley was in the ear (aviv) (Ex. 9:31).¹⁶ refers to ears of barley. Even of the first-fruits (bikkure) of wheat harvest (Ex. 34:22),¹⁷, not avivim, for aviv refers to the first barley ears, which ripen about two months before the wheat does. which is written with regard to the festival of weeks,¹⁸ is proof of the above.¹⁹ means first.