Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah

Ibn Ezra on Numbers 16/אבן עזרא על במדבר ט״ז

אויקח קרח. זה הדבר היה במדבר סיני כאשר נתחלפו הבכורים ונבדלו הלוים כי חשבו ישראל שמשה אדונינו עשה מדעתו לתת גדולה לאחיו גם לבני קהת שהם קרובים אליו ולכל בני לוי שהם ממשפחתו והלוים קשרו עליו בעבור היותם נתונים לאהרן ולבניו וקשר דתן ואבירם בעבור שהסיר הבכורה מראובן אביהם ונתנה ליוסף אולי חשדוהו בעבור יהושע משרתו גם קרח בכור היה כי כן כתוב. ודגל ראובן חונה בנגב וקרח בנגב המשכן כי הוא מבני קהת ואלה נשיאי העדה היו בכורים והם היו מקריבים את העולות על כן לקחו מחתות והראיה על זה הפירוש מופת המטה שראו כל ישראל כי השם בחר שבט לוי תחת הבכורים על כן כתוב ותכל תלונתם כי התלונה על זה היתה. גם אמר משה כי לא מלבי בעבור שחשדוהו כי מלבו עשה ועוד לא ה' שלחני בשליחות הזה כי כבר האמינו בו כל ישראל ועוד ראיה גמורה כי כל העדה כלם קדושים וזה רמז לבכורים שהם קדושים כי כן כתוב קדש לי כל בכור והם היו הכהנים הנגשים אל ה' והם עיקר כל העדה:
1NOW KORAH, THE SON OF IZHAR…TOOK. This event occurred in the wilderness of Sinai when the first-born were set aside1 and the Levites were placed in their stead.2 Israel thought that our master Moses acted out of his own will in giving his brother an elevated position. They suspected that he acted similarly towards the sons of Kohath, who were his relatives, and to all the sons of Levi who were of his family. The Levites rebelled against Moses because they were subservient to Aaron and his sons. Dathan and Abiram rebelled because Moses3 removed the birthright from Reuben their forefather, and gave it to Joseph. It is also possible that they suspected that Moses favored the tribe of Joseph because Joshua was his assistant.4 Korah too was a first-born, as Scripture clearly states.5 The banner of Reuben camped in the south.6 So did Korah, for he was a Kohathite.7 The princes of the congregation were first-born. They offered the burnt offering. They therefore took the fire pans. The miracle of the staff,8 which demonstrated to all of Israel that God chose the Levites in place of the first-born, is proof that this explanation is correct.9 Hence Scripture reads, that there may be made an end of their murmurings against Me (Num. 17:25), for the murmuring was an account of this.10 Moses also said, that I have not done them of mine own mind (v. 28). He said the aforementioned because Israel had come to believe that he had acted on his own. Furthermore, Moses said, then the Lord hath not sent me (v. 29) in this thing,11 take the place of the first-born and the Levites be subservient to the kohanim. because Israel had come to believe in him.12. It does not appear in the verse. Here is another rigorous proof: seeing all the congregation are holy (v. 3). The aforementioned alludes to the first-born who are holy, for Scripture states, Sanctify unto Me all the first-born (Ex. 13:2). The first-born were the priests that come near to the Lord (Ex. 19:22). They were the most important ones of the congregation.
בויקח קרח. אנשים דרך קצרה כמו חמור לחם ורבים ככה ויאמר ר' יונה כי פירוש ויקח לקח לקום על משהו:
2NOW KORAH…TOOK. This is short for, now Korah took men.13 Compare, an ass bread14 (I Sam. 16:20).15 is short for an ass carrying bread. There are many such instances in Scripture.16 Rabbi Jonah says that the meaning of Now Korah took is now Korah took himself to rise against Moses.17 (v. 1) to and they rose up (v. 2).
אלפני משה. שלא קמו בסתר ויש הפרש בין לפני ובין מפני:
1IN THE FACE OF MOSES. They did not rise up in secret. There is a difference between li-fene (in the face of) and mi-pene (before the face of) (Gen. 3:8).18 is the respectful form. Compare, mi-pene sevah takkum (thou that rise up before the hoary head) (Lev. 19:32).
בקראי מועד. שהיו נקראים אל אהל מועד:
2THE ELECT MEN OF THE ASSEMBLY. They were called to the tent of meeting.
גאנשי שם. קודם צאתם ממצרים ומדקדק אמר כי נשיאי עדה הם הנשיאים העומדים על הפקודים והם פעולים למלת לקח כאילו כתיב ויקח קרח ודתן ואבירם ואון נשיאי העדה לדבר אליהם וזה מעט רחוק:
3MEN OF RENOWN. Before they left Egypt.A grammarian says that the princes of the congregation are the leaders who stood over those that were numbered (Num 1:4).19 He says that they20 are the object of took. Our text should be read as if written, And Korah and Dathan and Abiram and On took the princes of Israel to speak to them.21 This interpretation is a bit far-fetched.22
ארב לכם. כמו די לכם והטעם שתפשתם החלק הרב:
1YE TAKE TOO MUCH UPON YOU. Enough for you. 23 is, a lot to you. Its meaning is, you have grabbed the greater portion.
בכי כל העדה כלם קדושים. כי כל העדה מיום מעמד הר סיני היו קדושים:
2SEEING ALL THE CONGREGATION ARE HOLY. For the entire congregation became holy from the day they stood on Sinai.
גובתוכם ה'. כי הלוים נבחרו אחרי היות הכבוד בתוך בני ישראל ואם ידע משה כאשר היה בהר סיני כי נבחר שבט לוי לא ידעו ישראל:
3AND THE LORD IS AMONG THEM. For the Levites were chosen after God’s glory dwelt amidst the children of Israel.24 Now if Moses knew when he was on Mount Sinai that the tribe of Levi was chosen, Israel did not know.25
דתתנשאו. להיות אהרן הכהן הגדול ומשה למעלה ממנו כי הוא למדו:
4WHEREFORE THEN LIFT YE UP YOURSELVES ABOVE THE ASSEMBLY OF THE LORD? For Aaron to be kohen gadol (high priest) and Moses, who taught Aaron, to be above him.
אויפול על פניו. ברצונו ויש אומרים כדרך הנבואות:
1HE FELL UPON HIS FACE. Willingly. Other say, like prophets when they receive a prophecy.26 means he fell into a prophetic trance. See Num. 24:4.
אאת אשר לו. השבט הנבחר וזאת תשובה לדתן ולאבירם ולנשיאי העדה שהיו הבכורים:
1WHO ARE HIS. Which is the chosen tribe. This was Moses’ answer to Dathan and Abiram and to the leaders of the congregation who were first-born.
בואת הקדוש. בשבטו להיותו כהן גדול:
2AND WHO IS HOLY. In his tribe to be kohen gadol.
אזאת. הבחינה:
1THIS. Test.27. According to I.E. this is short for this test do.
ארב לכם בני לוי. וזה פירושו שאמר להם המעט ואמר הכתוב ויאמר משה אל קרח כי הדבור הראשון עם קרח ועם כל עדתו וזה עם הלוים:
1YE TAKE TOO MUCH UPON YOU, YE SONS OF LEVI. The meaning of our clause is found in the following words of Moses: Is it but a small thing unto you (v. 9).28. Scripture says, And Moses said unto Korah (v. 8),29 [Moses] spoke unto Korah. Thus And Moses said unto Korah appears redundant. Hence I.E.’s comment. for the first statement30 was addressed to Korah and to all of his company. However, this one was addressed to the Levites.
אהמעט. הדבר מעט הוא אצלכם:
1IS IT BUT A SMALL THING UNTO YOU.31 literally, is it small from you. Hence I.E.’s comment. This means is it but a small thing unto you.
בלפני העדה לשרתם. בהביאם את עולותיהם ואת זבחיהם:
2BEFORE THE CONGREGATION TO MINISTER UNTO THEM. When they bring their burnt offerings and sacrifices.
אויקרב אותך. וכאשר הקריב אותך ואחיך בקשתם גם כהונה:
1AND THAT HE HATH BROUGHT THEE NEAR. And when he has brought you and your brothers near, will you seek the priesthood also?32 prefixed to va-yakrev is not to be rendered and but rather as when.
אלכן. על כן קשרתם אתה וכל עדתך שאתם נועדים על השם והטעם כמו ורוזנים נוסדו יחד על ה' ועל משיחו שעשו וועד להריב עם השם וכן בהצותם על ה' וי"א כי ה"א הנועדים נוסף:
1THEREFORE. Therefore you and your whole congregation that art gathered together, rebel against the Lord.33 means against the Lord, and is to be interpreted as rebel against the Lord. The literal meaning of al Adonai is on the Lord. Thus the literal meaning of our verse is: Therefore you and your whole congregation that are gathered together on the Lord (al ha-Adonai). Hence, I.E.’s comment. Its meaning is similar to And the rulers take counsel together, Against the Lord,34 (literally on the Lord). However, its meaning is against the Lord. and against His anointed35 (literally, and on His anointed). However, its meaning is, and against His anointed. (Ps. 2:2). They gathered in order to fight with God. When they strove against the Lord36. (Num. 26:9) is similar.37 has the meaning of against. Some say that the heh prefixed to no’adim (gathered together) is superfluous.38 (that art gathered together) is to be read no’adim (gathered together). If the heh is not superfluous, then our verse is to be interpreted, Therefore thou and all thy company that are gathered together (ha-no’adim) against the Lord. If the heh is superfluous, then our verse reads: Therefore thou and all thy company are gathered (no’adim) together against the Lord.
במה הוא. מה פשעו מה הוא עושה:
2AND AS TO AARON, WHAT IS HE. What is his sin, what did he do?
אלא נעלה. יתכן שהיה אהל מועד בתוך המחנה במקום גבוה על כן מלת העלו מסביב או מי שילך לעבודת השם או אל המקום הנבחר יקרא עולה:
1WE WILL NOT COME UP. It is possible that the tent of meeting was on a high place in the middle of the camp.39 is to be taken literally. Scripture therefore says, Get you up from about (v. 24). On the other hand, one who goes to serve God or to the chosen place is said to go up.
אהמעט. הדבר קל כי העליתנו מארץ זבת חלב ודבש כי מצרים בנגב ארץ ישראל והבא ממצרים לארץ כנען באמת הוא עולה:
1IS IT A SMALL THING. Is it a small thing that thou hast brought us up out of a land flowing with milk and honey?Scripture reads, brought us up, because Egypt is south of the Land of Israel, and one who comes from Egypt to the land of Canaan is in truth going up.40 is to be taken literally.
בכי תשתרר עלינו. העליתנו ממצרים כדי שתשתרר עלינו:
2BUT THOU MUST NEEDS MAKE THYSELF ALSO A PRINCE OVER US. You brought us out of Egypt in order to make yourself a prince over us.
גגם השתרר. גם שררות רבות אתה ואחיך:
3MUST NEEDS MAKE THYSELF A PRINCE OVER US. You and your brother also seek additional positions of power over us.41 (but thou must needs make thyself also a prince over us). The latter literally reads: That you want to rule over us, also to rule. I.E. interprets this as follows: that you want to rule over us, and you also want additional rulership.
אאף לא אל ארץ זבת חלב ודבש. והטעם שהוצאתנו ממקום טוב ואילו הביאותנו למקום טוב כמוהו ונתת לנו שדה וכרם כאשר היה לנו במצרים ותבקש שררה היינו סובלים רק הסירותנו ממקום טוב משדותינו וכרמנו ולא הביאותנו אל מקום כמוהו ולמה תבקש שררה:
1MOREOVER THOU HAST NOT BROUGHT US UNTO A LAND FLOWING WITH MILK AND HONEY. Its meaning is: You brought us out of a good place.42 Now if you had brought us to a place which is as good as the place you took us out of, and if you had given us fields and vineyards such as we had in Egypt,43 and you sought power over us, then we would tolerate it. However, you removed us from a good place, from our fields and vineyards, and you did not bring us to a place as good as the one that you brought us out of. Why then do you seek power?44
בהעיני האנשים ההם. טעמו תרצה לנקר עיני האנשים ההם רמז ליוצאים ממצרים כאילו אמר תרצה לנקר העינים שלא תראינה כי זה שעשית לנו נראה הוא לעינים ודרך משל לומר סגורות הן עיני פלוני על כן לא יראה על כן לא נעלה ויש אומרים התרצה להחשיך העינים שלא תראינה כלומר אחיזת עינים אתה עושה לנו לא נעלה ויש אומרים אילו היית מנקר עינינו לא נעלה ואמר האנשים ההם על דרך בני אדם חסרי דעת שלא ירצו לדבר על נפשם בגנאי והנכון בעיני שמלת האנשים ההם רמז לזקנים שהיו עם משה כי כן כתוב וילכו אחריו זקני ישראל:
2WILT THOU PUT OUT THE EYES OF THESE MEN? Its meaning is: you want to put out the eyes of these men. This alludes to those who left Egypt. It is as if Korah said, you want to put out their eyes so that they do not see. But what you did is visible to the eyes. Therefore we will not come up. It is metaphoric to say so and so’s eyes are closed and he therefore cannot see.45 is not to be taken literally. Others say its meaning46? is: Do you want to darken the eyes so that they do not see? In other words, you are fooling us. We will not come up.47, this interpretation seems to be identical to the one above. Hence Filwarg suggests that this interpretation is that We will not go up means we will not go up to the Land of Israel. In other words, Korah said you are fooling us, for you have no intention of bringing us to the Land of Israel. Others say its meaning48? is: even if you put out our eyes we will not go up. Korah said of these men because he spoke in the manner of the unintelligent, who do not want to say anything negative about themselves.49 refers to Korah himself. According to this interpretation the meaning of wilt thou put out the eyes of these men is, will you put out my eyes? However, I believe that of these men alludes to the elders who were with Moses, for Scripture clearly states, and the elders of Israel followed him (v. 25).
אויחר. זה הדבור כבר פירשתיו כי העולה והמנחה מארכת האף על הרשעים ודתן ואבירם היו אנשים גדולים והקריבו מנחה קודם זה המעשה וזה טעם אל תפן אל מנחתם ופנה אלי כי לא נשאתי חמור אחד מהם:
1AND MOSES WAS VERY WROTH. With what Korah said.50 (and Moses was very wroth). The latter literally reads, and to Moses it was wroth very much. I.E. suggest that this be interpreted, va-yichar le-mosheh zeh ha-dibbur me’od (and Moses was very wroth at this statement).I have already explained that the burnt offering and the meal offering put off the punishment of the wicked. Dathan and Abiram were important men and offered meal offerings before this event. This is the meaning of Respect not their offering and turn to me, for I have not placed a burden upon one ass of their asses.
בופירוש נשאתי ששמתי משא עליו:
2[I HAVE NOT TAKEN ONE ASS FROM THEM.] I have not placed a burden upon one of their asses.51 (taken) as laden.
גולא הרעתי. בשום דבר:
3NEITHER HAVE I HURT ONE OF THEM. In any way.
אויאמר משה אל קרח. וכבר אמר כן רק הטעם כאשר אמר משה לקרח היו לפני ה' לקחו איש מחתתו:
1AND MOSES SAID UNTO KORAH. Moses had already said so.52 Thus this means: when Moses said to Korah be before God, they took their fire-pan.
במחר. והוא היום שקרא משה לדתן ואבירם ויתכן שקראם קודם והוא הנכון בעבור מלת בקר:
2TOMORROW. This occurred on the day that Moses called to Dathan and Abiram.53 It is possible that he called them earlier. The latter appears correct because Scripture reads, in the morning (v. 5).54
אומשה ואהרן. עמם:
1WITH MOSES AND AARON. Moses and Aaron with them.55
אהבדלו. כי היו עמם פתח אהל מועד:
1SEPARATE YOURSELVES. For they56 were with them in front of the entrance to the tent of meeting.
אויפלו על פניהם. להתפלל:
1AND THEY FELL UPON THEIR FACES. To pray.
בוטעם אל. מורה שיש לו כח לכלותם כרגע והוא אלהי הרוחות והטעם פי' אל כי יוכל לכלותם כי הרוחות בידו הם:
2[O GOD.] The term El (God) indicates that God has the power to destroy them in a moment.57 is mighty. See I.E. on Ex. 3:15. God is the God of the spirits. This58. explains the term El, for God can destroy them because their spirits are in His hand.
גהאיש אחד יחטא. הוא קרח שהקהיל על משה ועל אהרן כל העדה וי"א כי טעם אלהי הרוחות כי בידו כח לחפש הרוחות כי הוא אלהיהם והוא ידע כי האחד שהוא קרח חטא לבדו וגם אם החטיא אחרים. והנכון בעיני כי טעם הבדלו מתוך העדה הזאת הם קרח וכל עדתו ואש יצאה ואכלתם וכלתם כרגע:
3SHALL ONE MAN SIN. The reference59. is to Korah, who assembled all of the congregation against Moses and Aaron. There are those who say that the meaning of O God, the God of the spirits is: God has the power to investigate human souls, for He is their God. God knows that one man, namely, Korah alone, sinned. He also knows if he [Korah] caused the others to sin.I believe that Separate yourselves from among this congregation refers to Korah and his congregation.60 A fire went out and devoured and destroyed them in one moment.
אלמשכן קרח. הנכון בעיני שהיה לקרח אהל לאדם שלו ולרכושו רחוק ממחנה הלוים והיה עם אהלו אהלי דתן ואבירם כי לא יחנו סביב המשכן כי אם הלוים לבדם ומזה הכתוב נלמוד כי בעל הדגל היה חונה קרוב ממחנה הלוים:
1THE DWELLING OF KORAH. I believe that Korah had a tent for his household and his wealth. This tent was far from the camp of the Levites. The tents of Dathan and Abiram were close to Korah’s tent, for only Levites camped around the tabernacle.61 We learn from this verse that the bearer of the banner62 camped close to the camp of the Levites.63
אזקני ישראל. הנכון בעיני שהם השבעים הזקנים הנבחרים:
1AND THE ELDERS OF ISRAEL FOLLOWED HIM. I believe that the reference is to the chosen seventy elders.64
אואל תגעו בכל אשר להם. שאם באו להציל ממונם ירדו חיים שאול כמו הם:
1AND TOUCH NOTHING OF THEIRS. For if one comes to save their money they will go down to the pit like them.
בבכל חטאתם. בעבור רב חטאתם:
2IN ALL THEIR SINS. Because of all their sins.65 before the word be-khol (in all) is to be rendered because. Thus be-khol chatotam (in all their sins) means because of all their sins.
אובניהם. הגדולים:
1AND THEIR SONS. The reference is to adults.
בוטפם. קטנים וקטנות:
2AND THEIR LITTLE ONES. Male and female minors.
אלעשות את כל המעשים. להחליף הבכורים בלוים ודע כי דבר גדול היה ומכעיס לאשר איננו מאמין להסיר הבכורים מכהונתם ולהשיב המעלה למשפחת משה לבדו וכל זה הי' בעבור מעשה העגל כי ויעלו עולות ויגשו שלמים הבכורים העלום כי הם היו לבדם הכהנים ובני לוי הרגו עובדי העגל ויש בכאן שאלה ותשובתם בפרשת וילך משה:
1TO DO ALL THESE WORKS. To have the Levites take the place of the first-born. Note, it is a major and grievous act to the one who does not believe that God ordered the first-born to be removed from their position as kohanim and to have this status conferred only upon the family of Moses. All of this was done66 because of the incident of the golden calf, because and offered burnt-offerings, and brought peace-offerings (Ex. 32:6) speaks of the first-born who offered these sacrifices, for they alone were the kohanim. Also, the sons of Levi67 killed those who served the calf.68. There is a question here.69 Its answer is found in the Torah portion which opens with the words va-yelekh mosheh (Deut. 31:1).70.
אבריאה. י"א שהיא תורה על המצא מה שלא היה וכבר פירשתי שאין המלה רק מגזרת וברא אתהן וכבר נבקעו מדינות רבות וירדו הדרים בהן שאולה והנה פירושה כטעם גזרה:
1BUT IF THE LORD MAKE A NEW THING. Some say that the word beri’ah (a new thing) refers to the bringing forth of something that was never in existence.I have already explained that the word beri’ah is related to the word u-vara (hack) in and hack them (Ezek. 23:47).71 Many cities72. have been split open, and those who dwelt in them have gone down to the pit.73 The meaning of bara is to cut.74 (But if the Lord make a new thing) should be interpreted, but if God shall certainly split. An alternative interpretation of I.E. is: The meaning of bara is to decree. According to this interpretation I.E. renders ve-im beri’ah yivra Adonai (but if the Lord make a new thing) as, but if God shall decree.
בופצתה האדמה את פיה. כמו ופתחה וכן יפצה פיהו וכבר רמזתי בעבור היות נשמת האדם העליונה תיכונה תדבר על הגבוהים ממנה כדרך ארמונה שהוא הגוף וכן על השפלים ממנה והטעם להבין השומעים:
2AND THE GROUND OPEN HER MOUTH. The word u-fatzetah means and opened. Compare, yiftzeh (doth open) in doth open his mouth (Job 35:16).I have already hinted75 that man’s highest soul,76, which is a feminine noun. which comes from the intermediary world,77 employs human language when speaking of things above her,78 for the body is its palace.79 It similarly employs human language when speaking of things below her.80. It does so in order that people understand her.
אואת בתיהם. שם כלל לנשיהם ובניהם וטפם:
1AND THEIR HOUSEHOLDS. This is a general term for their wives, [grown] children, and their little ones.
בואת כל הרכוש. שהיה לכלם:
2AND THEIR GOODS.81 Which all of them possessed.82 is short for all the goods which they possessed.
אוירדו הם. הטעם כאשר ירדו נסתמה הארץ ולא נראו:
1SO THEY…WENT DOWN. Its meaning is: when they went down, the earth closed and they were not seen.83, this verse repeats verse 32. Hence I.E.’s comment.
בותכס עליהם. הארץ בעצמה:
2AND THE EARTH CLOSED UPON THEM. The earth itself.84 (and closed upon then) literally means and covered. Our clause thus reads, and the earth covered them. Hence va-yekhas may be taken as transitive. In this case, it means that the earth covered them with something. Hence I.E. points out that va-yekhas is intransitive.
גויאבדו. בעבור מות בניהם העומדים תחתם:
3AND THEY PERISHED. For their children who were to take their place died.85
אלקולם. בעבור קולם:
1AT THE CRY OF THEM. Because of their cry.86 prefixed to kolam (their voice) means because of. The lamed usually means to.
אה"א החמשים מושכת עצמה ואחרת עמה. י"א כי קרח מהנבלעים היה והראיה ותבלע אותם ואת קרח וי"א כי נשרף היה והעד ואת קרח במות העדה באכול האש וחז"ל אמרו כי נשרף ונבלע ולפי דעתי שלא נבקע רק מקום דתן ואבירם כי לא נזכר וקרח היה עומד עם מחתתו עם אהרן ועם נשיאי העדה מקריבי הקטרה ופירוש הפסוק ואת קרח איננה דבק עם ותבלע אותם רק עם במות העדה ואם יטעון טוען ויאמר למה לא הזכיר קרח עם השרופים התשובה כי אחר שהזכיר הכתוב שנשרפה עדתו שבאה לעזרה אין צורך להזכיר קרח כי מקל וחומר יודע הדבר וכמוהו מרכבות פרעה וחילו ולא הזכיר בשירה פרעה שטבע ובאמת טבע כי כן כתוב ונער פרעה וחילו והעד הנאמן כי קרח היה מהשרופים ולא יהיה כקרח וכעדתו:
1[AND FIFTY MEN.] The heh of ha-chamishim (the fifty) is to be read as if written twice.87 (and…fifty men). Our text, which reads ha-chamishim u-matayim, should be read as if written, ha-chamishim ve-ha-matayim (and…the two hundred and fifty men). The latter is the correct grammatical construction. Hence I.E.’s comment. Some say that Korah was among the ones who were swallowed. They offer as proof, And the earth opened her mouth, and swallowed them up together with Korah (Num. 26:10). Others say that Korah was burned. They offer, with Korah, when that company died; what time the fire devoured (Ibid.) as proof. Our sages say that Korah was burned and swallowed.88I believe that only the place of Dathan and Abiram split open,89 for no other place is mentioned.90 Korah was standing with his fire-pan with Aaron and the leaders of the congregation who were offering incense.91 With Korah (Num. 26:10) is not connected to and swallowed them up (Ibid.) but rather to when that company died (Ibid.). This is the way the aforementioned verse is to be interpreted. If someone should argue and say, “Why isn’t Korah mentioned among those who were burned?” the answer is: once Scripture mentions that Korah’s company, which came to his aid, was burned, it is not necessary to mention Korah. For we know this by arguing from a minor to a major premise.92 Pharaoh’s chariots and his host hath He cast into the sea (Ex. 15:4) is similar.93 Moses does not mention in the song94 is stated. that Pharaoh drowned. The truth is that Pharaoh drowned, for Scripture explicitly states, But overthrew Pharaoh and his host in the Red Sea (Ps. 136:15). The verse that he fare not as Korah, and as his company (Num. 17:5) is proof that Korah was among those who were burned.95