Chasidut · Breslov
Likutei Moharan 57:1/ליקוטי מוהר"ן נ״ז:א׳
אשָׁאֲלוּ תַּלְמִידָיו אֶת רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן קִסְמָא: אֵימָתַי בֶּן דָּוִד בָּא וְכוּ'. אָמַר לָהֶן: לִכְשֶׁיִּפֹּל הַשַּׁעַר הַזֶּה וְיִבָּנֶה, וְיִפֹּל וְיִבָּנֶה, וְיִפֹּל; וְאֵין מַסְפִּיקִין לִבְנוֹתוֹ, עַד שֶׁבֶּן דָּוִד בָּא: (סנהדרין צח) רַשִׁ"י: הַשַּׁעַר הַזֶּה: שֶׁל אֲרָם, שֶׁבַּאֲרָם הָיָה בְּאוֹתָהּ הַשָּׁעָה: וְאֵין מַסְפִּיקִין לִבְנוֹתוֹ: פַּעַם שְׁלִישִׁית: לְשׁוֹן רַבֵּנוּ זִכְרוֹנוֹ לִבְרָכָה
1The students of Rabbi Yosi son of Kisma asked him: “When will the son of David come?” He answered them: “When this gate will fall and be rebuilt, fall and be rebuilt, and fall. Then, before they have enough time to rebuild it, the son of David will come.” (Sanhedrin 98a)
ב שָׁאֲלוּ אֶת רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן קִסְמָא: אֵימָתַי יָבוֹא בֶּן דָּוִד וְכוּ':
2Shaalu et Rebbi Yosi ben Kisma: When will the son of David come?…
גא דַּע, כִּי כָּל דִּבּוּר וְדִבּוּר שֶׁיָּצָא מִפִּי הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, נִבְרָא מִמֶּנּוּ מַלְאָךְ (חגיגה יד), וְכָל דִּבּוּר וְדִבּוּר נֶחֱלַק לְכַמָּה נִיצוֹצוֹת, בִּבְחִינַת (ירמיהו כ״ג:כ״ט-ל׳): כְּפַטִּישׁ יְפוֹצֵץ סֶלַע. כְּמוֹ כֵן נִבְרְאוּ כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה מַלְאָכִים, לְפִי רֹב הַנִיצּוֹצוֹת. וְדִבּוּר הַכּוֹלֵל אֶת הַנִּיצוֹצוֹת נִבְרָא מַלְאָךְ, שֶׁהוּא שַׂר וְרֹאשׁ עַל הַמַּלְאָכִים שֶׁנִּבְרְאוּ מִן הַנִּיצוֹצוֹת, וְהֵם מַחֲנֵהוּ.
3Know! an angel is created from each and every word spoken by God (Chagigah 14a). Each and every word is divided into many sparks, in the aspect of “like a hammer shattering rock” (Jeremiah 23:29), and commensurate with the amount of sparks, a like number of angels are created. The angel created from the word that encompasses the sparks is the ruler and head of the angels created from the sparks, and they are his troops. {There is not a blade of grass below that does not have an angel from Above, striking it and telling it, “Grow!” ( Bereishit Rabbah 10:7).}
דוְכָל מַלְאָךְ וּמַלְאָךְ הוּא מְמֻנֶּה עַל אֵיזֶהוּ דָּבָר, וַאֲפִלּוּ כָּל אִילָנוֹת וַעֲשָׂבִים יֵשׁ עֲלֵיהֶם מְמֻנִּים, כְּמָה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (בראשית רבה פרשה י): אֵין לְךָ עֵשֶׂב מִלְּמַטָּה שֶׁאֵין לוֹ מַלְאָךְ מִלְּמַעְלָה וְכוּ'. וְכָל מַלְאָךְ מְקַבֵּל חִיּוּתוֹ מֵהַדִּבּוּר, וּמַשְׁפִּיעַ לְתוֹךְ הַדָּבָר שֶׁנִּמְנֶה עָלָיו, הַיְנוּ לְאֵיזֶה עֵשֶׂב אוֹ דָּבָר אַחֵר שֶׁהוּא מְמֻנֶּה עָלָיו.
4Each angel is put in charge of something. Even all the trees and grasses have [angels] appointed over them. As our Sages, of blessed memory, said: “There is not a blade of grass below that does not have an angel from Above.” Each angel receives its vitality from the word, and transmits [that vitality] into the thing in its charge—i.e., some grass or other thing over which it is appointed.
הוּשְׁנֵי הַכֹּחוֹת הָאֵלּוּ, הַיְנוּ כֹּחַ שֶׁיֵּשׁ לַמַּלְאָךְ לְקַבֵּל, וְכֹחַ לְהַשְׁפִּיעַ, מְכֻנִּים בִּבְחִינַת יָדַיִם. בְּיַד יָמִין מְקַבֵּל חִיּוּתוֹ, וּבְיַד שְׂמֹאל מַשְׁפִּיעַ. בִּבְחִינוֹת: וּמַכֶּה אוֹתוֹ וְאוֹמֵר לוֹ: גְּדַל (שם); וְהַכָּאָה הִיא בְּחִינַת שְׂמֹאל.
5These two capacities—i.e., the capacity the angel has to receive and the capacity to transmit—are called the aspect of hands. With the right hand it receives its vitality, and with the left hand it transmits [it], corresponding to, “striking it and telling it, ‘Grow!’” The striking is an aspect of the left side.
ונִמְצָא, שֶׁכָּל הָרְפוּאוֹת תְּלוּיִים בַּתּוֹרָה, בִּבְחִינוֹת (משלי ד׳:כ״ב): וּלְכָל בְּשָׂרוֹ מַרְפֵּא; כִּי הַתּוֹרָה נוֹתֶנֶת כֹּחַ לַמַּלְאָכִים, וְהַמַּלְאָכִים מַשְׁפִּיעִים לָעֲשָׂבִים, וַעֲשָׂבִים מְרַפְּאִים בְּכֹחַ הַתּוֹרָה.
6We see, then, that all healing is dependent upon the Torah, in the aspect of “a healing for all his flesh” (Proverbs 4:22). This is because the Torah gives strength to the angels, and the angels transmit [it] to the grasses, so that the grasses heal through the power of the Torah.
זוּמִי שֶׁפּוֹגֵם בֶּאֱמוּנַת חֲכָמִים, וּפוֹרֵץ גִּדְרָם, אֲזַי אֵין רְפוּאָה לְמַכָּתוֹ, בִּבְחִינוֹת (שבת קי): דִּלְמָא חִוְיָא דְּרַבָּנָן טְרַקֵהּ, שֶׁאֵין לוֹ אַסְוָתָא; כִּי הַפּוֹרֵץ גִּדְרָם, עַל־יְדֵי־זֶה מֵסִיר הַיָּדַיִם מִן הַמַּלְאָכִים, לְפִי בְּחִינוֹת הֲסָרָתוֹ מִדֶּרֶךְ דִּבְרֵי רַבָּנָן.
7But when someone blemishes [his] faith in the Torah sages and violates their restrictions, his punishment has no cure, in the aspect of (Avodah Zarah 27b): “Perhaps a ‘snake’ of the sage has bitten him, for which there is no cure.” For someone who violates their restrictions thereby removes the hands of the angels according to how he strays from the words of the rabbis.
חוְזֶהוּ (דברים י״ז:י״א): לא תָסוּר מִן הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר יַגִּידוּ לְךָ יָמִין וּשְׂמֹאל – לְפִי בְּחִינוֹת הֲסָרָתוֹ, אִם סָר מִדֶּרֶךְ דִּבְרֵי רַבָּנָן לְיָמִין, בָּזֶה סָר יְמִין הַמַּלְאָךְ, וְאֵין לוֹ כֹּחַ לְקַבֵּל. וְאִם סָר לִשְׂמֹאל, בָּזֶה סָר יַד שְׂמֹאל מֵהַמַּלְאָךְ, וְאֵין לוֹ כֹּחַ לְהַשְׁפִּיעַ. וּכְשֶׁנִּפְגָּם אֵיזֶהוּ יַד הַמַּלְאָךְ, אֲזַי אֵין לָזֶה הָאָדָם אַסְוָתָא, כִּי זֶה הָעֵשֶׂב שֶׁבּוֹ תָּלוּי רְפוּאָתוֹ, אֵין לוֹ כֹּחַ לְרַפְּאוֹת, כִּי אֵין מַשְׁפִּיעַ לוֹ:
8This is the meaning of (Deuteronomy 17:11), “Do not stray from the word they declare to you, either to the right or the left”—according to the manner in which he strays. If he strays to the right of the path set forth by the rabbis, he removes the right [hand from] the angel and it is unable to receive. If he strays to the left, he removes the left hand from the angel and it is unable to transmit. And when one of the angel’s hands is impaired, this person has no cure, because the grass needed to cure him lacks the power to heal, for no one transmits to it.
טוְזֶה בְּחִינַת (דברים כ״ח:ס״א): מַכָּה אֲשֶׁר לֹא כְתוּבָה בַּתּוֹרָה – זֶהוּ מִיתַת תַּלְמִיד חָכָם, הַיְנוּ הַמִּיתָה שֶׁתַּלְמִידֵי־חֲכָמִים מְמִיתִין אֵיזֶהוּ אָדָם. כִּי חוֹלַאַת הַבָּאָה לָאָדָם עַל שֶׁעָבַר עַל דִּבְרֵי רַבָּנָן אֵין לוֹ רְפוּאָה, וְהוּא מֵת מִן הַחוֹלַאַת, זֶה הַמִּיתָה בָּאָה עַל־יְדֵי מַכָּה אֲשֶׁר לֹא כְּתוּבָה בַּתּוֹרָה, כִּי דְּבָרִים שֶׁלֹּא נִכְתְּבוּ בַּתּוֹרָה, נִמְסְרוּ לַחֲכָמִים, וַאֲנַחְנוּ מְצֻוִּים לִשְׁמֹעַ מֵהֶם. וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁמְּזַלְזֵל דִּבְרֵיהֶם, וְאֵין מַאֲמִין דִּבְרֵיהֶם, מֵחֲמַת שֶׁנִּדְמֶה לוֹ שֶׁמִּדְּאוֹרַיְתָא אֵינוֹ כֵּן, וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה נֶחֱלֶה בְּמַכָּה שֶׁאֵין לוֹ רְפוּאָה, וּמֵת בָּהּ.
9This is the aspect of (Deuteronomy 28:61), “a punishment that is not mentioned in [this book of] the Torah.” This is the death of Torah sages—i.e., the death that Torah sages bring upon some person. For the illness that affects a person because he transgressed the words of the rabbis has no cure, so that he dies from the illness. This death is the result of “a punishment that is not mentioned in the Torah,” because matters not mentioned in the Torah were given over to the sages, and we are commanded to hear it from them. Yet there is a person who ridicules their words and has no faith in what they say, for it seems to him that from the Torah’s perspective it is not so. As a result, he is afflicted with a punishment that has no cure, and he dies from it.
יוְיֵשׁ יִסּוּרִין שֶׁל אַהֲבָה, הַשּׁוֹלְטִין עַל הָאָדָם שֶׁהוּא צַדִּיק, וְהוּא מֻכֶּה בְּיִסּוּרִין, וְאֵין רְפוּאָתוֹ תּוֹלָה בִּרְפוּאַת עֲשָׂבִים, כִּי הוּא אִישׁ צַדִּיק, וְלֹא פָּגַם יְדֵי הַמַּלְאָךְ, וְהַיָּדַיִם הֵם שְׁלֵמִים. וְזֶה (שיר השירים ב׳:ה׳-ו׳): כִּי חוֹלַת אַהֲבָה אָנִי, שְׂמֹאלוֹ תַּחַת לְרֹאשִׁי וִימִינוֹ תְּחַבְּקֵנִי. הַיְנוּ חוֹלַת אַהֲבָה יְכוֹלָה הִיא לִשְׁלֹט עַל אִישׁ אֶחָד, וְאֵין רְפוּאָתוֹ תּוֹלָה בְּהַיָּדַיִם הַנַּ"ל, כִּי הַיָּדַיִם בִּבְחִינָתוֹ הֵם שְׁלֵמִים, בִּבְחִינַת: שְׂמֹאלוֹ תַּחַת וְכוּ':
10There are also afflictions of love that assail a person who is righteous. He is plagued with afflictions, yet his cure is not dependent on herbal remedies because he is a righteous person who has not impaired the hands of the angel, so that the hands are whole. This is the meaning of “for I am sick with love. His left arm is under my head and his right arm embraces me” (Song of Songs 2:5-6). That is, “sick with love” might assail a certain person, yet his cure is not dependent on the above mentioned hands because from his side the hands are whole, corresponding to “His left arm is under my head….”
יאוְזֶהוּ (ברכות ה:) כְּשֶׁבָּא רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן לְתַנָּא שֶׁנֶּחֱלָה בְּיִסּוּרִין וְאָמַר לוֹ: חֲבִיבִין עָלֶיךָ יִסּוּרִין, אָמַר: לֹא וְכוּ', אָמַר לוֹ: הַב לִי יְדָךְ וְכוּ'.
11This is: Rabbi Yochanan came to a Tanna who was plagued with afflictions and said to him, “Do your afflictions please you?” “No,” he answered, [“neither them not their reward”]. “Give me your hand,” he said. [He gave him his hand, and Rabbi Yochanan stood him up.] (Berakhot 5b) .
יבכִּי רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן סָבַר שֶׁאֵלּוּ יִסּוּרִין הֵן יִסּוּרִין שֶׁל אַהֲבָה, וְזֶהוּ שֶׁשָּׁאַל אוֹתוֹ: חֲבִיבִין עָלֶיךָ יִסּוּרִין, שֶׁשָּׁאַל אוֹתוֹ אִם חָבִיב עָלָיו הַיִּסּוּרִין, הַיְנוּ אִם יִסּוּרִין שֶׁל אַהֲבָה הֵם. וְהֵשִׁיב לוֹ: לֹא וְכוּ'. וּכְשֶׁשָּׁמַע רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן שֶׁהַיִּסּוּרִים לֹא שֶׁל אַהֲבָה הֵן, חָשַׁב דִּילְמָא פָּגַם, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, בַּיָּדַיִם הַנַּ"ל, וּבִשְׁבִיל זֶה אֵין לוֹ רְפוּאָה. וְזֶה שֶׁאָמַר לוֹ: הַב לִי יְדָךְ, כְּדֵי שֶׁיֵּדַע אִם פָּגַם בְּדִבְרֵי רַבָּנָן, חַס וְשָׁלוֹם, כַּנַּ"ל. וְתֵכֶף כְּשֶׁיְּהַב לוֹ יְדָא אוֹקְמוּהוּ, כִּי לֹא הָיָה יִסּוּרִין שֶׁל אַהֲבָה, וְלֹא פָּגַם בַּיָּדַיִם, בִּשְׁבִיל זֶה הָיָה יָכוֹל לִחְיוֹת וְלָקוּם מֵחָלְיוֹ:
12Rabbi Yochanan assumed that these afflictions were afflictions of love, which is why he asked him, “Do your afflictions please you?” He asked him if he was pleased by the afflictions—i.e., if they were afflictions of love—and he answered him, “No.” Thus, when Rabbi Yochanan heard that they were not afflictions of love, he thought that perhaps [the Tanna] had impaired the hands, God forbid, and this is why he had no cure. This is why he said to him, “Give me your hand,” in order to determine if, as mentioned above, he had violated the words of the rabbis, God forbid. Thus as soon as he gave him his hand, he stood him up. For they were not afflictions of love, nor had he impaired the hands. This is the reason he was able to recover and get up from his illness.
יגוְזֶהוּ: וּמָשַׁךְ אַבִּירִים בְּכֹחוֹ, יָקוּם וְלֹא יַאֲמִין בַּחַיִּין (איוב כ״ד:כ״ב). כִּי עַל יְדֵי שֶׁאֵין מַאֲמִין בְּתַלְמִידֵי חֲכָמִים הַנִּקְרָאִים חַיִּים, כְּמָה שֶׁאָמְרוּ חֲכָמֵינוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ברכות יח): וּבְנָיָהוּ בֶן יְהוֹיָדָע בֶּן אִישׁ חַי – צַדִּיקִים אֲפִלּוּ בְּמִיתָתָם נִקְרָאִים חַיִּים, עַל יְדֵי זֶה, הוּא נוֹפֵל בְּחוֹלַאַת אֲשֶׁר לֹא יַאֲמִין בְּחַיָּיו. הַיְנוּ שֶׁאֵין שׁוּם אָדָם מַאֲמִין שֶׁיִּחְיֶה מֵחֹלִי זֶה, כִּי אֵין רְפוּאָה לְמַכָּתוֹ כַּנַּ"ל.
13And this is: “With his strength he pulls the mighty. Let him rise up, he who has no faith in life” (Job 24:22). Since he has no faith in the Torah sages, who are called “alive”—as our Sages, of blessed memory, taught (Berakhot 18b): “Benayahu the son of Yehoyada, the son of a living man”; even after they have passed away, the righteous are called “alive”—he therefore succumbs to an illness which causes him to have no faith in his life; i.e., there is not a single person who has faith that he will recover from this illness, because his punishment is incurable, as mentioned above.
ידוְתִקּוּנוֹ – שֶׁיָּקִים אֱמוּנָה הַנְּפוּלָה, וְיַאֲמִין אֱמוּנַת חֲכָמִים. וְזֶהוּ: יָקוּם וְלֹא יַאֲמִין בַּחַיִּין – הַיְנוּ זֶה שֶׁלֹּא הֶאֱמִין בַּחֲכָמִים הַנִּקְרָאִים חַיִּים, יָקִים זֹאת הָאֱמוּנָה הַנְּפוּלָה, וְעַל יְדֵי זֶה יָקוּם מֵחוֹלַאַת הַזֹּאת, שֶׁלֹּא הֶאֱמִין עַד עַכְשָׁו שׁוּם אָדָם שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ שׁוּם רְפוּאָה עַל מַכָּתוֹ, וְעַל יְדֵי אֱמוּנָתוֹ יִתְרַפֵּא. כִּי עַל־יְדֵי אֱמוּנַת חֲכָמִים, מְתַקֵּן בְּחִינוֹת יָדַיִם שֶׁל מַלְאָכִים, וְהֵם מְקַבְּלִים וּמַשְׁפִּיעִים כֹּחוֹת לָעֲשָׂבִים לִרְפוּאָתוֹ.
14His rectification is to raise up fallen faith and have faith in the sages. This is the meaning of “Let him rise up, he who has no faith in life”—i.e., he who had no faith in the sages, who are called “alive,” let him raise up this fallen faith. Through this he will get up from this illness, which until now no person had faith that he had any cure for his punishment. But through his faith he is healed, because through faith in the sages he rectifies the aspect of the hands of the angels, and they receive and transmit potency to the grasses so that he can be healed.
טווְזֶה: וּמָשַׁךְ אַבִּירִים בְּכֹחוֹ; הַיְנוּ שֶׁהַמַּלְאָכִים הַנִּקְרָאִים אַבִּירִים, כָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד נֶחֱזָר לוֹ כֹּחוֹ, הַיְנוּ כ"ח פִּרְקִין דְּיָדַיִם, וּמַמְשִׁיכִין שֶׁפַע לְכָל הַדְּבָרִים שֶׁנִּתְמַנּוּ עֲלֵיהֶם, וְאָז יֵשׁ לוֹ רְפוּאָה כַּנַּ"ל, כִּי דִּבְרֵי חֲכָמִים עוֹשִׂין וּמְתַקְּנִין בְּחִינַת הַיָּדַיִם כַּנַּ"ל:
15This is “With his strength he pulls the mighty”—i.e., the angels, who are called “mighty.” They all return to him his KoaCh (strength)—i.e., the Kaf - Chet (28) sections of the hands—and infuse divine grace into whatever they are appointed over. Then, he has a cure, because the words of the sages create and rectify the aspect of the hands, as mentioned above.