Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Exodus 8:5/אור החיים על שמות ח׳:ה׳

אהִתְפָּאֵר עָלַי וְגוֹ׳. צָרִיךְ לָדַעַת כַּוָּנַת אָמְרוֹ הִתְפָּאֵר עָלַי וְגוֹ׳. וְאִם לוֹמַר כִּי הֲגַם שֶׁיֹּאמַר לוֹ לְהָסִיר מֵעָלָיו תֵּכֶף וּמִיָּד, זֶה הוּא הַהִתְפָּאֲרוּת, אִם כֵּן כְּשֶׁאָמַר לוֹ פַּרְעֹה ״לְמָחָר״, וְלֹא אָמַר עַתָּה בְּשָׁעָה זוֹ, שֶׁיַּגִּיד כִּי לֹא רָצָה לְהִתְפָּאֵר עָלָיו, מַה מָקוֹם לוֹמַר לוֹ ״כִּדְבָרְךָ לְמַעַן תֵּדַע״? אֵין זֶה הִתְפָּאֲרוּת מִיּוֹם לְיוֹם, וְאַדְרַבָּה הִרְחִיק לוֹ הַזְּמַן. עוֹד צָרִיךְ לְדַקְדֵּק דִּבְרֵי מֹשֶׁה שֶׁאָמַר לְמָתַי אַעְתִּיר וְגוֹ׳, שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה לוֹ לוֹמַר אֶלָּא מָתַי יָסִיר הַצְפַרְדְּעִים שֶׁהוּא הַמְבֻקָּשׁ.
1 התפאר עלי, "have this glory over me, etc." What exactly did Moses mean by the expression התפאר עלי? If what he meant was that even if Pharaoh would ask for an immediate removal of the frogs this would constitute his glory, the result of Pharaoh asking that the frogs be removed only on the morrow would indicate that he was not interested in besting Moses; Moses' confirmation: "as you have said," would make little sense in that scenario. We also need to analyse why Moses did not say מתי אעתיר לך which we would have expected, but said למתי וגו׳?
באָכֵן כַּוָּנַת מֹשֶׁה לְהַרְאוֹתוֹ אֲשֶׁר יַפְלִיא ה׳ לְחַבֵּב יְדִידָיו, וּמִזֶּה יְשַׁעֵר וְיַחְלִיט בְּדַעְתּוֹ כִּי מֵהַנִּמְנָע שֶׁיַּעַזְבֵם ה׳ בְּשׁוּם אוֹפֶן. כִּי הִנֵּה מִדֶּרֶךְ הַמּוּסָר, עֶבֶד כִּי יִשְׁאַל דָּבָר מֵרַבּוֹ, וּלְוַאי שֶׁיַּשִּׂיג עֲשׂוֹהוּ לוֹ, לֹא שֶׁיַּתְנֶה עָלָיו בִּזְמַן מְסֻיָּם, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יַקְדִּים וּבִלְבַד שֶׁלֹּא יְאַחֵר, אֶלָּא וְעֶבֶד יִשְׁאַף רַבּוֹ עֵת אֲשֶׁר יַחְפֹּץ לְחָנְנוֹ רָצוֹן. וְאָמַר מֹשֶׁה: בֹּא וּרְאֵה הַהַשְׁגָּחָה הַנְּכוֹנָה וּשְׁלֵמוּת הַחִבּוּב, שֶׁאֶעְתִּיר לַה׳ וְאוֹמַר אֵלָיו בִּתְפִלָּתִי כִּי יַעֲשֶׂה הַדָּבָר בְּעֵת אֲשֶׁר אֶקְבַּע לוֹ הַזְּמַן. וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ לְמָתַי אַעְתִּיר, פֵּרוּשׁ, לְאֵיזֶה זְמַן, תִּתְפָּאֵר עָלַי לוֹמַר הִתְפַּלֵּל לַה׳ עַתָּה כִּי לִזְמַן פְּלוֹנִי יָסִיר וְגוֹ׳.
2I believe Moses wanted to demonstrate that G'd tries to oblige those who are dear to Him so that it was beyond his imagination that G'd would forsake him (not do what he promised). He did this by contrasting the relationship between man and G'd with that of slave and master. When a slave asks a favour from his master he will be happy if his master grants the favour at all and it would not occur to him to attach conditions as to the time when such a favour has to be granted. He will be even less likely to ask for the date of such a favour to be advanced or delayed, but will await the time when he judges his master to be in a favourable frame of mind to grant his request. He will be most happy if his request is granted at the time it pleases his master. Not so the relationship between Moses and G'd. Moses was anxious to demonstrate to Pharaoh that a) he could offer a prayer at any time; b) his prayer would not only be granted but that he could attach conditions as to the "when" of G'd's response. This is why he asked Pharaoh what time or day he wanted him to pray that the frogs should disappear. Pharaoh was to prove himself superior in that he could determine when Moses should pray.