Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah
Or HaChaim on Genesis 1:31/אור החיים על בראשית א׳:ל״א
אוַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳. פֵּרוּשׁ: בְּאֶמְצָעוּת בְּרִיאַת הָאָדָם נִרְאָה מַעֲשֵׂהוּ בִּכְלָלוּתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא, כִּי אִם אֵין אָדָם מַה תּוֹעֶלֶת בְּכָל הַתִּקּוּן וּבְכָל הַבְּרִיאָה וְצִמְחֵי הָאֲדָמָה, כִּי אֵין הַבְחָנַת טוֹבָה נִכֶּרֶת אֶלָּא בְּאֶמְצָעוּת הָאָדָם, כִּי אֵלָיו יֻכַּר וְיֻבְחַן הַטּוֹב וְיוֹדֶה לַמֵּטִיב. וְאָמְרוֹ תֵּבַת וְהִנֵּה מַה שֶׁלֹּא דִּקְדֵּק לוֹמַר בַּיָּמִים שֶׁאָמַר בָּהֶם ״כִּי טוֹב״, לֶהֱיוֹת כִּי הָאָדָם מָצִינוּ לוֹ שֶׁקִּלְקֵל מַעֲשָׂיו וְעָשָׂה מַעֲשֵׂה הָרַע, לָזֶה דִּקְדֵּק לוֹמַר וְהִנֵּה כִּי מַה שֶׁהָיָה אָז לְצַד מַעֲשֵׂה ה׳ טוֹב הָיָה מְאֹד, וְאַחַר כָּךְ הוּא הָאָדָם בִּקֵּשׁ חִשְּׁבוֹנוֹת רַבּוֹת לְצַד הֱיוֹת הַבְּחִירָה בְּיָדוֹ לְהָרַע אוֹ לְהֵיטִיב, וְשָׁלַל הַטּוֹב וְהִוָּה בְּמַעֲשָׂיו בְּחִינַת הָרַע, אֲבָל לְצַד מַעֲשֵׂה ה׳ לֹא בָּרָא אֶלָּא לְצַד הַטּוֹב.
1And God saw, etc.: The explanation is that through the creation of man, it could be seen that His entire creation was good; since if there is no man, what is the purpose of all the refinement and of all the creation and the plants of the ground; because the distinction of good is not recognized without the medium of man, as it is to him that good is recognized and distinguished, and he will thank the Bestower of good. And behold: That which it was not exact to state [this] on the [other] days, about which it stated, "it was good," is because [now] we find man that corrupted his actions and performed bad actions; for this reason it [now] was exact to state, "and behold," since what [existed] then, from the angle of the creations of God was very good; and afterwards, it was man that sought many calculations - from the angle of his having the choice in his hand to do evil or to do good - and negated the good and brought out with his actions the aspect of evil; but from the angle of God's creation, He only created that which was good.
בעוֹד יִרְצֶה בְּאָמְרוֹ וַיַּרְא אֱלֹהִים וְגוֹ׳, כָּאן רָמַז כִּי בִּשְׁעַת בְּרִיאַת הָאָדָם הִבִּיט ה׳ בַּצַּדִּיקִים (בראשית רבה ג), וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ וַיַּרְא וְגוֹ׳ וְהִנֵּה טוֹב שֶׁהֵם הַצַּדִּיקִים. וַהֲגַם שֶׁהִבִּיט בָּרְשָׁעִים, גַּם לָהֶם הֵכִין וְעָשָׂה תִּקּוּן לִבְרִיאָתָם, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ מְאֹד, וְאָמְרוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (בראשית רבה פ״ט) ״מְאֹד״ זֶה מַלְאַךְ הַמָּוֶת, שֶׁבְּאֶמְצָעוּתוֹ נִתְקָנִים הַנִּבְרָאִים הַנּוֹטִים מִדֶּרֶךְ הַשֵּׂכֶל. וְלָזֶה כְּנֶגֶד בְּחִינַת הַצַּדִּיקִים אָמַר וְהִנֵּה טוֹב, פֵּרוּשׁ הִנֵּה הִנָּם בְּחִינַת טוֹב מִבְּלִי צֹרֶךְ מָוֶת. וּכְנֶגֶד בְּחִינַת הַמַּטִּים עֲקַלְקַלּוֹתָם יֶשְׁנָם גַּם הֵם בִּבְחִינַת טוֹב בְּאֶמְצָעוּת מְאֹד:
2And God created, etc: Here it hints that at the time of the creation of man, God looked at the righteous ones (Bereisht Rabbah 14:1) and that is what [is meant] by its stating, "and He saw, etc. and behold, good," which are the righteous ones. And in that He also saw the evil ones, He also made a solution for them, and that is what [is meant] by its stating, "very." And they, of blessed memory, have stated (Bereishit Rabbah 9:1), "very" - this is [referring] to the angel of death, through which the creatures that lean away from the path of reason are fixed. And for this [reason], corresponding to the aspect of the righteous ones, it stated, "and behold, it was good," the explanation [of which] is that behold they are the aspect of good, without any need for death; and corresponding to the those that lean to their crookedness, they too are in the aspect of good, through the auspices of "very."
געוֹד יִרְמֹז כָּאן טַעַם הַבְּרִיאָה, לְמָה שֶׁיָּדַעְנוּ כִּי עִקַּר הַכֹּל הוּא הָאָדָם וּבִשְׁבִילוֹ וְאֵלָיו בָּרָא ה׳ כָּל בְּרוּאָיו, וּמֵעַתָּה תָּבֹא הַשְּׁאֵלָה לָאָדָם לָמָּה, לָזֶה אָמַר וְהִנֵּה טוֹב מְאֹד פֵּרוּשׁ שֶׁהֲגַם שֶׁבְּחִינַת נִשְׁמַת הָאָדָם הוּא מִבְּחִינַת הַטּוֹב, עִם כָּל זֶה בְּרָאוֹ ה׳ לַעֲלוֹת בְּמַעֲלוֹת הַטּוֹב יוֹתֵר מִמָּה שֶׁהוּא, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ מְאֹד עַל יְדֵי מַעֲשֵׂה הָאָדָם מִתְעַלֵּית נִשְׁמָתוֹ מִמַּדְרֵגָה לְמַדְרֵגָה, אַשְׁרֵי אֱנוֹשׁ יַעֲשֶׂה זֹּאת.
3Also hinted to here is the reason for the creation - according to that which we know that the essence of everything is man, and that because of him and for him did God create all of His creations; and from there comes the question, "why man?" And for this [reason], it stated "and behold, it was very good," the explanation [of which] is that even if the aspect of man's soul is from the aspect of good, nonetheless, God created him to rise up in levels of good more than he [already] is, and that is what [it means when] it states, "very:" through the actions of man, his soul becomes elevated from one level to another. 'Happy is the human that does this.'