Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Genesis 41:16/אור החיים על בראשית מ״א:ט״ז

אוַיַּעַן יוֹסֵף לֵאמֹר וְגוֹ׳. פֵּרוּשׁ, הֵשִׁיבוֹ לְמַה שֶׁטָּעַן בְּתֵיבַת לֵאמֹר כִּי הוּא אוֹמֵר לִשְׁמֹעַ חֲלוֹם לִפְתּוֹר, בִּלְעָדַי לֹא הָיוּ כֵן הַדְּבָרִים, וּמַה שֶׁאָמַר הוּא כִּי אֱלֹהִים יַמְצִיא פִּתְרוֹנִים לַחֲלוֹמוֹת עַל יַד בְּנֵי אָדָם, כְּמוֹ שֶׁמָּצִינוּ שֶׁכֵּן אָמַר יוֹסֵף לְשַׂר הַמַּשְׁקִים וְשַׂר הָאוֹפִים (בראשית מ:ח) ״הֲלֹא לֵאלֹהִים פִּתְרוֹנִים״, פֵּרוּשׁ, לֹא יֶחְסְרוּ הַפִּתְרוֹנִים, וְאָמַר ״סַפְּרוּ לִי״ אוּלַי יִמָּצֵא פִּתְרוֹן, וּלְעוֹלָם אֵינוֹ מְיַחֵד עַצְמוֹ לוֹמַר כִּי הוּא מְפַשֵּׁר חֲלוֹמוֹת, וּכְמוֹ כֵן הוּא אוֹמֵר לוֹ אֱלֹהִים יַעֲנֶה וְגוֹ׳. וְהֻצְרַךְ לוֹמַר ״יַעֲנֶה שְׁלוֹם״, נִתְכַּוֵּן לוֹמַר לוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יַקְפִּיד אִם יִהְיֶה פִּתְרוֹן הַחֲלוֹם מַגִּיד רָעָתוֹ, כִּי מֵה׳ מַעֲנֵה דָּבָר, וְלֹא יַקְפִּיד לוֹמַר כִּי הַחֲלוֹמוֹת הוֹלְכִים אַחַר הַפֶּה. וְנָתַן טַעַם בְּאָמְרוֹ ״שְׁלוֹם פַּרְעֹה״ כִּי הַמֶּלֶךְ יִשְׁתַּנֶּה בְּדָבָר זֶה, וְלָזֶה אִם יַגִּיד רַע לֹא מִמֶּנּוּ יֵצְאוּ הַדְּבָרִים, וּכְמוֹ כֵן הוּא אָמְרוֹ עַתָּה אֱלֹהִים יַעֲנֶה אֶת שְׁלוֹם פַּרְעֹה.
1 ויען יוסף את פרעה לאמור, Joseph answered Pharaoh, saying, etc. The word "לאמור" here refers to Pharaoh's claim that Joseph claimed he only had to hear a dream and he already had its interpretation ready. בלעדי, "this does not depend on me." Joseph corrects the impression Pharaoh entertained about him. He explains that G'd knows the interpretations of dreams and informs certain human beings of this. The same had taken place when Joseph had told the chief butler and the chief of the bakers that the interpretations were G'd's, not his. He had invited those men to tell him their dreams in the hope that an interpretation could be found. He had never claimed an exclusive on that knowledge. This is also why he added: אלוקים יענה, "G'd may provide the answer." He added the word שלום in order to warn Pharaoh not to take offence if perchance the interpretation would not be to his liking and would presage something unpleasant. He should not accuse Joseph on the basis of "the dreams follow the interpretation chosen by the mouth" (of the interpreter). Even if he were to come up with an interpretation that forecast trouble, he was only G'd's mouthpiece, the source was G'd.
בעוֹד יִרְצֶה בְּאָמְרוֹ אֱלֹהִים יַעֲנֶה, כִּי אֵין סֵדֶר אוֹפֶן פִּתְרוֹנוֹ כְּסֵדֶר פִּתְרוֹן בַּר הֶדְיָא (ברכות נו.) וְכַיּוֹצֵא בּוֹ, שֶׁיַּטֶּה הַחֲלוֹם לַאֲשֶׁר יַחְפּוֹץ, אֶלָּא אֲמִתּוּת מַשְׁמָעוּת הַדְּבָרִים, וְלָזֶה אָמַר ״אֱלֹהִים״ וְגוֹ׳:
2Joseph may also have had something quite different in mind when he said: "may G'd answer the peace of Pharaoh." He emphasised that in contrast with ordinary interpreters who are able to bend the meaning of the dream according to their choice, he, Joseph, could not do so. He could only relate the objective meaning of what Pharaoh had seen in his dream. [Berachot 56 lists a variety of dreams and how the interpretation which seemed to contradict the impression left on the dreamer came true, thus proving that much depends on the person who interprets the dream. Ed.]