Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Genesis 2:19/רמב"ן על בראשית ב׳:י״ט

אאֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא לוֹ הָאָדָם נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה לְשׁוֹן רַשִׁ"י (רש"י על בראשית ב':י"ט) סָרְסֵהוּ וּפָרְשֵׁהוּ, וְכָל נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה אֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא לוֹ הָאָדָם שֵׁם, הוּא שְׁמוֹ לְעוֹלָם. וְרַבִּי אַבְרָהָם אָמַר (אבן עזרא על בראשית ב':י"ט) כִּי לָמֶ"ד "אֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא לוֹ" נִמְשָׁךְ, וְכֹל אֲשֶׁר יִקְרָא לוֹ הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה, הוּא שְׁמוֹ לְעוֹלָם. וְיִתָּכֵן שֶׁיִּהְיֶה פֵּרוּשׁוֹ בְּעִנְיַן הָעֵזֶר, וְהַכַּוָּנָה לוֹמַר כִּי הָאָדָם נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר "וַיְהִי הָאָדָם לְנֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה" (בראשית ב':ז') וּכְמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי, וְהֵבִיא לְפָנָיו הַמִּינִין כֻּלָּן, וְכָל מִין מֵהֶם שֶׁיִּקְרָאֶנּוּ הָאָדָם בִּשְׁמוֹ וְיֹאמַר בּוֹ שֶׁהוּא נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה כְּמוֹתוֹ, הוּא יִהְיֶה שְׁמוֹ וְיִהְיֶה לוֹ לְעֵזֶר כְּנֶגְדּוֹ, וְהוּא קָרָא לְכֻלָּן וְלֹא מָצָא לְעַצְמוֹ עֵזֶר שֶׁיִּקְרָא לוֹ "נֶפֶשׁ חַיָּה" כִּשְׁמוֹ:

1AND WHATSOEVER ‘YIKRA LO HA’ADAM NEFESH CHAYAH’ (THE MAN WOULD CALL EVERY LIVING CREATURE). Rashi comments: “Invert [the phrasing of the sentence] and explain it thus: and every living creature to which Adam would give a name, that should remain its name forever.” And Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra said that the letter lamed of the phrase, that the man called ‘lo’ (it), is carried forward [to the word nefesh, making it lenefesh (to the creature), thus]: and whatever the man called to every living creature, that was to be its name.It is possible that the phrase be explained in connection with the matter of “the help” that G-d gave to Adam, and the meaning is that ha’adam nefesh chayah (man is a living soul), as it is said, And man became a living soul,³⁶³ and it is as I have explained it there. And He brought before him all species so that every one of them unto which Adam would give a name and say that it is a living soul like himself, that would remain its name and be a help to him. So Adam gave names to all, but as for himself he found no help which he would be able to call “a living soul” like his own name.