Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah

Sforno on Exodus 30:35/ספורנו על שמות ל׳:ל״ה

ארֹקַח. שֶׁיִּקְלֹט כָּל אֶחָד מֵהַסַּמִּים זֶה מִזֶּה, וְיַעֲשֶׂה מֵהַכֹּל מֻרְכָּב אֶחָד.
1רקח, each of whom would collect different spices and after mixing them all they would become
במַעֲשֵׂה רוֹקֵחַ. שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כָּל אֶחָד מֵהַסַּמִּים כָּתוּשׁ כְּפִי הָרָאוּי לוֹ, כִּי לֹא יָאוֹת לְכָל אֶחָד מֵהַסַּמִּים אֹפֶן אֶחָד מֵהַכְּתִישָׁה.
2מעשה רוקח, crushed, mixed, etc., a druggist’s handiwork. These various spices did not undergo uniform treatment at the hands of the spicer, druggist..
גמְמֻלָּח. שֶׁיִּהְיוּ הַסַּמִּים מְעֹרָבִים הֵיטֵב, שֶׁלֹּא יְהֵא אֶחָד מֵהֶם נִבְדָּל.
3ממולח, thoroughly mixed, none of its ingredients remaining identifiable as separate substances.
דטָהוֹר. מְנֻקֶּה מִכָּל פְּסֹלֶת. וְהֻצְרַךְ לָזֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהַהַקְטָרָה הָיְתָה נַעֲשֵׂית בְּעֶצֶם הַבֹּשֶׂם, אֲבָל בְּשֶׁמֶן הַמִּשְׁחָה לֹא הֻצְרַךְ לָזֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא הָיוּ גַּרְמֵי הַבְּשָׂמִים מְעֹרָבִים בַּשֶּׁמֶן כְּלָל:
4טהור. refined to such a degree that it did not contain any foreign substances. The reason why this was of the essence was the fact that the burning up of the incense consisted of burning up the actual spices, derivatives or auxiliaries not being a part of that sacrifice at all. However, with the oil of anointing these extreme precautions did not apply seeing that it was in the nature of the ingredients that auxiliary components were not mixed with it or attached to it before the oil became refined.