Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah

Sforno on Genesis 42:22/ספורנו על בראשית מ״ב:כ״ב

אהֲלֹא אָמַרְתִּי אֲלֵיכֶם אַל תֶּחֶטְאוּ בַיֶּלֶד? שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה מִתְכַּוֵּן לַהֲמִיתְכֶם כְּשֶׁעָשָׂה מַה שֶּׁעָשָׂה כַּאֲשֶׁר חֲשַׁבְתֶּם, אֲבָל הָיוּ מַעֲשָׂיו בַּאֲשֶׁר הוּא יֶלֶד בִּלְתִּי פּוֹעֵל לְתַכְלִית מְכֻוָּן.
1הלא אמרתי אליכם אל תחטאו בילד?. He had never intended to cause your death when he had done what he did, as you had imagined. His actions were due to the fact that he was immature, was childish.
בוְגַם דָּמוֹ הִנֵּה נִדְרָשׁ. אֵין הַחֵטְא הַנִּדְרָשׁ עַתָּה הָאַכְזָרִיּוּת בִּלְבַד כַּאֲשֶׁר חֲשַׁבְתֶּם, אֲבָל גַּם דָּמוֹ שֶׁחֲטָאתֶם לִשְׁפּוֹךְ דָּם נָקִי שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה בֶּן מָוֶת כַּאֲשֶׁר חֲשַׁבְתֶּם, וְהִנֵּה בְּלִי סָפֵק מֵת בְּעַבְדוּתוֹ׃
2וגם דמו הנה נדרש. The sin we are being punished for now is not only our cruelty, as you think, but also his blood, if your actions were the cause of his death, seeing that he was innocent. There can be little doubt that he died in the performance of his tasks as a slave, something he had not been equipped to cope with.