Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah
Sforno on Genesis 43:11/ספורנו על בראשית מ״ג:י״א
אאִם כֵּן. אִם הַדָּבָר כֵּן כְּמוֹ שֶׁאֲמַרְתֶּם שֶׁהִתְגָּרָה הָאִישׁ בָּכֶם וְהוּא יְרֵא אֱלֹהִים:
1אם כן, if the matter is indeed as you have said that although the man harassed you he is a G’d-fearing individual,
באֵיפוֹא. מִן הַהֶכְרֵחַ רָאוּי שֶׁזֹּאת תַּעֲשׂוּ:
2איפוא, then it is quite clear what you have to do;
גקְחוּ מִזִּמְרַת הָאָרֶץ בִּכְלֵיכֶם מְעַט צֳרִי. כִּי אָמְנָם הַמִּנְחָה שֶׁתּוּבַל לְאִישׁ נִבְהָל לַהוֹן יִצְטָרֵךְ שֶׁתִּהְיֶה רַבַּת הַכַּמּוּת לְהַשְׂבִּיעַ עַיִן, וּמִזֶּה הַמִּין הָיְתָה מִנְחַת יַעֲקֹב לְעֵשָׂו. אֲבָל כַּאֲשֶׁר יוֹבִילוּהָ לְנָדִיב אֲשֶׁר כֶּסֶף לֹא יַחְשֹׁב, רָאוּי שֶׁתִּהְיֶה מְעַט, אֲבָל תִּהְיֶה דָּבָר נִבְחָר מִדְּבָרִים הַנִּמְצָאִים עַל הַמְעַט וְהֵם בְּהֵיכְלֵי מֶלֶךְ, וּמִזֶּה הַמִּין הָיְתָה הַמִּנְחָה הַזֹּאת לְיוֹסֵף.
3קחו מזמרת הארץ מעט צרי, although when one presents a gift to an ordinary person it is important to impress him with the quantity of the gift so that he can feast his eyes on it, this man who has everything will only be impressed with the quality of the gift instead of the quantity; therefore take rare items but only in appropriately small quantities to emphasise their rareness. All the items sent to Joseph were of this nature, as opposed to the gift Yaakov had sent to his brother Esau on a previous occasion.
דוְהוֹרִידוּ לָאִישׁ מִנְחָה. קֹדֶם שֶׁתֵּלְכוּ לִרְאוֹת פָּנָיו, לְמַעַן תִּרְאוּ אֵיךְ יְקַבֵּל הַמִּנְחָה בְּרָצוֹן. וּבָזֶה תֵּדְעוּ אֵיךְ יְקַבֵּל אֶתְכֶם בְּסֵבֶר פָּנִים יָפוֹת, כְּאָמְרוֹ (שופטים יג:כג) "לוּ חָפֵץ ה' לַהֲמִיתֵנוּ לֹא לָקַח מִיָּדֵנוּ עוֹלָה וּמִנְחָה". וְאַחַר כָּךְ:
4הורידוהו לאיש מנחה, before you will actually meet him face to face again. This will enable you to judge if he receives your gift with goodwill. If he does, you will have reason to be confident that he will receive you also with goodwill. This thought has also been expressed in Judges 13,23 when the wife of Manoach, in trying to calm her husband’s fears, said to him: “if G’d had wanted to kill us He would not have accepted our burnt-offering and our gift-offering first.” After this conversation,