Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ibn Ezra · Torah
Ibn Ezra on Exodus 5:9/אבן עזרא על שמות ה׳:ט׳
אתכבד. אמר הגאון, כי אל ישעו כמו אל ישענו, והנו"ן חסר כחסרונו ממלת "תת פחדך" (דבר' ב כה) ולא תאבה ולא תשמע אל דברי החולם האומר כי שרשו "תת" בעבור שנמצא "תתה לי ערף" (ש"ב כב מא) חשב, כמו שתה עונותינו לנגדיך (תה' צ, ה), והנה לא יוכל לכחש, כי התי"ו השני במלת תתה לנכח, והתי"ו של עיקר מובלעה בדגש, אעפ"י שהתי"ו ראוי להדגש כתי"ו "והשבתי חיה רעה" (ויקרא כו ו) אם כן יותר טוב שיהיה הנו"ן מובלע כהתבלע הנו"ן בתי"ו וַּאֲמִתו (ברא' כד כז), כי היה ראוי להיות אמנתו ובת בנת, ותת תנת, וחסרה נו"ן הראשון ממלת "תתה לי" כחסרון יו"ד "והיום רד מאוד" (שופ' יט יא), וחסרו נו"ן "גע בהרים ויעשנו" (תה' קמד ה), ולפי דעתי כי ישעו כמו ירפו, כאשר אמר "נרפים" (פ' ה) וכמו "השע ממני" (תה' לט יד) "שעו מני" (ישעי' כב ד) ועיניו השע (שם ו י) כי כאשר תרפינה העינים תכהינה, וכמוהו "ולא תשענה עיני רואים" (שם לב ג):
1LET HEAVIER WORK BE LAID. Saadiah Gaon says that al yishu (let them not regard) is like al yishanu (let them not rely)57, meaning to rely upon, to lean upon. Cf. Is. 10:20, ve-nishan al Adonai (but shall lean on the Lord). with the nun omitted, as it is in the word tet (to put)58, meaning to put or to give. in I begin to put the dread of thee (Deut. 2:25). Pay no attention nor listen to the dreamer who says that the root of tet is tat.59, for tat is the third person perfect masculine of tav, vav, tav. Compare, kam from the root kof, vav, mem and shav from the root shin, vav, bet. Because he found Scripture employing the word tattah (you put) in My enemies you put to flight before me (II Sam. 22:41), he thought that tattah is like shattah (thou hast set)60 comes from the root shin, vav, tav. Tattah resembles shattah; hence this commentator concluded that tattah, like shattah, is an ayin vav. in Thou hast set our iniquities before Thee (Ps. 90:8). Now he cannot deny that the second tav in the word tattah indicates the second person61 (you) in you put. and the tav of the root is swallowed in the dagesh,62 in the second tav of tattah. That dagesh is in place of a root letter, a tav. even though the tav63.” I.E.’s point is that when a pronominal tav (see note 61) is connected to a root ending in a tav, the tav of the stem is dropped and is compensated for by a dagesh, as in the word ve-hishbatti (root shin, bet, tav). The reading “even though the tav” doesn’t seem to make sense, for it implies that there are grounds for the tav not to receive a dagesh. However, I.E. goes on to show the reverse (Filwarg). should receive a dagesh like the tav in ve-hishbatti (and I will cause to cease) in and I will cause evil beasts to cease out of the land (Lev. 26:6). Since this is the case64 in tattah is a root letter. it is better for the nun to be swallowed65 is nun, tav, nun rather than tav, vav, tav, as the root nun, tav, nun is found in Scripture but the root tav, vav, tav as a verb is not. as it is swallowed by the tav in the word va-amitto (and his truth) (Gen. 24:27), for the word amitto66. should have been written aminto and the word bat (daughter), benat and the word tet, tenet.67. The missing first nun of the word tattah in tattah li is similar to the missing yod in rad68 drop their yod in certain circumstances. Similarly words that begin with a nun. The root of rad is yod, resh, dalet. (spent) in the day was far spent (Jud. 19:11) and to the missing nun in the word ga (touch)69. in Touch the mountains, that they may smoke (Ps. 144:5). However, in my opinion the word yishu (regard) means slack off, as Pharaoh said, for they are idle (nirpim) (v. 8).70 (let them not regard) means let them not slack off. Yishu is similar to hasha (let go) in Let go of me (Ps. 39:14)71. and she’u (let go) in Let go of me (Is. 22:4),72. and to hasha (weaken) in And weaken73. their eyes (Is. 6:10), for when the eyes weaken they grow dim.74 is, and dim or shut their eyes. Tishenah (shall be closed) in And the eyes of them that see shall be closed (Is. 32:3) is similar.
בוטעם בדברי שקר בעבור דברי שקר שמבטיחים אותם משה ואהרן:
2[LYING WORDS.] Its meaning is, because75. I.E. explains that the bet here has the meaning of because; that is, the phrase means because of lying words. of the lying words that Moses and Aaron assure them with.76