Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Exodus 23:19/אור החיים על שמות כ״ג:י״ט

ארֵאשִׁית בִּכּוּרֵי וְגוֹ׳. אוּלַי שֶׁיִּרְמֹז שֶׁלֹּא יַשְׁחִית זַרְעוֹ, וְשֶׁתִּהְיֶה טִפָּה רִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁתֵּצֵא מִמֶּנּוּ מוּבֵאת בֵּית ה׳, עַל דֶּרֶךְ אָמְרָם (יומא ב,א) בֵּיתוֹ זוֹ אִשְׁתּוֹ.
1 ראשית בכורי אדמתך, "The choicest first-fruits of your soil, etc." Perhaps the Torah hints here that one must not destroy one's seed (semen) and that the son born of one's first seminal emission should be dedicated to the service of the Lord (compare Yuma 2 according to which the word ביתו is an oblique reference to one's wife)
בוְדִיֵּק לוֹמַר בֵּית ה׳ לִשְׁלוֹל בֵּית אִשָּׁה זוֹנָה, וְהוּא מִצְוָה שֶׁקִּיֵּם יַעֲקֹב אָבִינוּ עָלָיו הַשָּׁלוֹם, דִּכְתִיב (בראשית מט:ג) ״כֹּחִי וְרֵאשִׁית אוֹנִי״.
2The Torah emphasises "the house of the Lord your G'd," to exclude that such a son be brought to a brothel. Jacob performed this commandment as he said of himself when blessing Reuven: "you are my strength and the first fruit of my virility" (Genesis 49,3).
גוְגָמַר אָמְרוֹ לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ לִרְמֹז סוֹד גָּדוֹל, כִּי הַמַּשְׁחִיתִים זַרְעָם סוֹבְבִים מִיתַת הַקְּטַנִּים מִבֵּין שְׁדֵי אִמָּם, וּכְמוֹ שֶׁפֵּרַשׁ הַדָּבָר בְּאָמְרוֹ בְּפָסוּק (מיכה ו:ז) ״הַאֶתֵּן בְּכוֹרִי פִּשְׁעִי פְּרִי בִטְנִי חַטַּאת נַפְשִׁי״, כִּי כְּשֶׁאָדָם מַשְׁחִית זַרְעוֹ נִבְרָא מִמֶּנּוּ מַשְׁחִית רַע וְהוּא שׁוֹלֵט אַחַר כָּךְ בַּבֵּן הַיֻּלָּד, וְהֵם נְפָשׁוֹת הָעֲשׁוּקוֹת כָּאָמוּר בְּסֵפֶר הַזֹּהַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ (חלק א רי״ט.), וּמִי גָּרַם זֶה שֶׁלֹּא הֵבִיא בִּכּוּרָיו בֵּית ה׳.
3The conclusion of our verse in which the Torah directs us not to boil the kid in the milk of its mother contains another important moral/ethical lesson. When a man deliberately destroys his semen he is the cause of infants dying while they still suckle at the breast of their mother. I have explained this matter in connection with Michah 6,7: "Shall I give my first-born for my transgression, the fruit of my body for my sins?" When man destroys his semen he creates a destructive force. This destructive force gains control later over a son who is born to such a father. The souls of such children are considered as עשוקות, "oppressed or deprived," as explained in the Zohar volume one page 219. The reason for this is that their father failed to dedicate his first emission of semen for the creation of a life devoted to the service of the Lord.
דוּכְפִי דֶּרֶךְ הַפְּשָׁט, טַעַם סָמַךְ לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל וְגוֹ׳ עִם הַבִּכּוּרִים, לְהָאוֹמֵר (חולין קיד:) בָּשָׂר בְּחָלָב אָסוּר בַּהֲנָאָה שֶׁהוּא עִקַּר הַהֲלָכָה, נִתְכַּוֵּן לְסָמְכוֹ עִם הַבִּכּוּרִים לֶהֱיוֹת שֶׁהֵם אֲסוּרִים בַּהֲנָאָה (רמב״ם הלכות ביכורים פרק ב), וְעַיֵּן בְּסִפְרִי פְּרִי תֹאַר:
4According to the opinion that the legislation of mixing milk and meat results in a prohibition of any benefit from such a mixture, this would explain why this legislation adjoins that of the bringing of the first-fruits to the Temple seeing that such first-fruits are also totally prohibited to their owner (compare Chulin 114 and Maimonides Hilchot Bikkurim 2, who declares that one must not use בכורים which have become ritually defiled for heating the stove). I have written more about this in my book פרי תואר.