Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Genesis 21:11/אור החיים על בראשית כ״א:י״א

אעַל אוֹדוֹת בְּנוֹ. פֵּירוּשׁ: לְבַל יֵצֵא לְתַרְבּוּת רָעָה וְיִשְׁתַּקַּע בֶּאֱמוּנוֹת רָעוֹת בְּצֵאתוֹ מִבֵּית אָבִיו, וְסוֹף כָּל סוֹף בְּנוֹ הוּא.
1 על אודות בנו. On account of his son. Abraham was afraid that the expulsion would result in Ishmael pursuing unwholesome activities because he felt rejected. He had to be concerned about this since Ishmael was his son after all.
בעוֹד יִרְצֶה עַל אוֹדוֹת בְּנוֹ – אֲשֶׁר יִחֲסָה אוֹתוֹ שָׂרָה לְהָגָר, כְּאָמְרָהּ ״הָאָמָה וְאֶת בְּנָהּ וְגוֹ׳ בֶּן הָאָמָה״. וּבָא הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא וְהִצְדִּיק דִּבְרֵי שָׂרָה וְאָמַר לוֹ ״כָּל אֲשֶׁר וְגוֹ׳ שְׁמַע בְּקוֹלָהּ״, וְאַל תַּחְשׁוֹב אוֹתוֹ בִּנְךָ. וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ עַל הַנַּעַר וְגוֹ׳, עָקַר לוֹ שֵׁם בְּנוֹ וְאָמַר לוֹ ״כִּי בְיִצְחָק יִקָּרֵא לְךָ״ וְגוֹ׳ וּבֵן זֶה עַל שֵׁם אִמּוֹ יִקָּרֵא, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ וְגַם אֶת בֶּן הָאָמָה וְגוֹמֵר. וְתִמְצָא שֶׁחָזַר אַבְרָהָם וְהוֹדָה לִדְבָרֶיהָ, דִּכְתִיב ״וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם וְגוֹ׳ וְאֶת הַיֶּלֶד״ וְגוֹ׳ וְלֹא אָמַר ״וְאֶת בְּנוֹ״, כִּי הֵעִיד הַכָּתוּב עַל אַבְרָהָם.
2Another meaning of this expression is that Abraham resented Sarah's describing Ishmael as merely "the son of this slave-woman." G'd now interfered by telling him that Sarah was entirely justified. When G'd pointedly referred to Ishmael as הנער, the lad, and not as "your son," He made it plain that only Isaac would be considered an extension of Abraham. G'd added: "also the son of this slave-woman," when He referred to Ishmael as having a major role in history. When the Torah describes Abraham as complying with Sarah's i.e. G'd's request, he no longer refers to Ishmael as "his son," but only as "the child."