Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Genesis 48:7/אור החיים על בראשית מ״ח:ז׳

אוַאֲנִי בְּבוֹאִי מִפַּדָּן וְגוֹ׳. כָּתוּב זֶה אֵין לוֹ קֶשֶׁר עִם מַה שֶׁלְּמַעְלָה מִמֶּנּוּ. גַּם אֵין יָדוּעַ כַּוָּנַת הוֹדָעָה זוֹ. וּמַה שֶׁפֵּרְשׁוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (רש״י לקח טוב) כִּי כַּוָּנָתוֹ הִיא ״אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהִטְרַחְתִּיךָ לְהוֹלִיכֵנִי לִקָּבֵר בְּאֶרֶץ כְּנַעַן וְלֹא כָּךְ עָשִׂיתִי״ וְכוּ׳ עַד כָּאן. לְפִי דִּבְרֵיהֶם לֹא כָּאן הוּא מְקוֹם הַדְּבָרִים אֶלָּא לְמַעְלָה (בראשית מ״ז:ל׳) כְּשֶׁאָמַר לוֹ ״וּנְשָׂאתַנִי מִמִּצְרַיִם וּקְבַרְתַּנִי״ וְגוֹ׳, סָמוּךְ לָזֶה הָיָה לוֹ לוֹמַר ״וַאֲנִי בְּבוֹאִי״ וְגוֹ׳. עוֹד, מַה כַּוָּנָתוֹ בְּאָמְרוֹ תֵּבַת עָלַי?
1 ואני בבאי מפדן מתה עלי רחל, "As for me, when I was coming from Padan Rachel died on me, etc." This verse seems to lack any connection to what preceded it. We do not even know what purpose this information is supposed to serve at this point. It is true that Rashi based on Midrash Lekach Tov explains that Jacob wanted to explain to Joseph why he had imposed upon him the difficult and tedious task of burying him in the land of Canaan while he himself had not buried Rachel in the cave of Machpelah which was much closer to the site of her death than Egypt from Machpelah. If that had been the Torah's purpose in writing this then it should have appeared in conjunction with 47,30 rather than here. Besides, what did Jacob mean when he said עלי, "she died on me?"
באָכֵן לְפִי מַה שֶׁפֵּרַשְׁתִּי כִּי מוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁהַבָּנִים הַמֻּבְטָח בָּהֶם שֶׁיֵּצְאוּ מִמֶּנּוּ הֵם אֵלּוּ, נִתְכַּוֵּן בְּאָמְרוֹ וַאֲנִי בְּבֹאִי וְגוֹ׳, כִּי הוּא סִבָּה שֶׁלֹּא יָצְאוּ מִמֶּנּוּ מַמָּשׁ לְצַד שֶׁהוּא גָּרַם שֶׁתָּמוּת רָחֵל, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ מֵתָה עָלַי, פֵּרוּשׁ, עַל סִבָּתִי, כְּאָמְרָם זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (ויקרא רבה פרק ל״ז) שֶׁשִּׁהָה נִדְרוֹ, אוֹ לְצַד הַקְּלָלָה שֶׁקִּלֵּל כְּאָמְרוֹ ״עִם אֲשֶׁר תִּמְצָא אֶת אֱלֹהֶיךָ לֹא יִחְיֶה״, וְאִלּוּ הָיְתָה קַיֶּמֶת רָחֵל הָיוּ יוֹצְאִים מִמֶּנּוּ, וְעַכְשָׁיו יָצְאוּ מִיּוֹסֵף שֶׁהוּא בְּחִינַת יַעֲקֹב גַּם בְּחִינַת רָחֵל.
2Actually, having told Joseph that G'd had told him that he would have more children himself, Jacob now explained to Joseph that it was his own fault that this did not happen as Rachel had died prematurely because of his negligence by delaying to honour the vow he had made after the dream of the ladder. This is the meaning of מתה עלי, "she died on my account." The words ואני בבאי refer to the promised additional children not being physical issue of Jacob but that Joseph's children were the incarnation of that promise. Vayikra Rabbah 37,1 tells us that if someone makes a vow and is tardy in keeping it he is punished by having to bury his wife. Jacob's saying ואני בבאי מפדן מתה עלי רחל is quoted as the source for this statement. Alternatively, Jacob may have referred to his rash curse of "anyone who has stolen Laban's teraphim shall not live" which he made without knowing that Rachel had been the thief. In either event, had Rachel remained alive Jacob himself would have sired the additional sons G'd had promised to him in 35,11.
גאֶפְשָׁר שֶׁנִּתְכַּוֵּן יַעֲקֹב לְרַצּוֹת אֶת יוֹסֵף עַל אֲשֶׁר סִבֵּב מִיתַת אִמּוֹ קוֹדֶם זְמַנָּהּ, וְאָמַר כִּי טַעַם אֲשֶׁר הֶחְשִׁיב שְׁנֵי בָּנָיו כִּרְאוּבֵן וְשִׁמְעוֹן, לְצַד כִּי מֵתָה עָלָיו רָחֵל וְקֵרַב מִיתָתָהּ. וְטַעַם מַה שֶׁהֶאֱרִיךְ לוֹמַר עוֹד בְּעוֹד כִּבְרַת אֶרֶץ וְגוֹ׳, נִתְכַּוֵּן לוֹמַר מַה שֶׁדָּרְשׁוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה שֶׁנִּתְכַּוֵּן לוֹמַר אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא כֵן עָשָׂה לְאִמּוֹ וְכוּ׳:
3It is also possible that Jacob intended to placate Joseph for having been instrumental in hastening his mother's death. He told him that the reason he considered Joseph's two sons as if they were equal to Reuben and Shimon was in expiation for having caused Rachel's death at the time. He added that although he buried Rachel בעוד כברת ארץ, "a tract of land away, (and had not buried her in the cave of Machpelah)," he asked Joseph to go to the trouble of burying him there.