Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Genesis 17:9/רמב"ן על בראשית י״ז:ט׳

אוְאַתָּה אֶת בְּרִיתִי תִשְׁמֹר כָּתַב רַשִׁ"י (רש"י על בראשית י"ז:ט') ו' מוֹסִיף עַל עִנְיָן רִאשׁוֹן, אֲנִי הִנֵּה בְּרִיתִי אִתָּךְ, וְאַתָּה הֱוֵי זָהִיר לְשָׁמְרוֹ, וּמַה שְׁמִירָתוֹ, "זֹאת בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְרוּ" אַתֶּם שֶׁל עַכְשָׁו, "וּבֵין זַרְעֲךָ אַחֲרֶיךָ", הָעֲתִידִים לְהִוָּלֵד. וְצָדַק הָרַב בִּפְשׁוּטוֹ. וְאָמְרוּ (הרד"ק) בְּטַעַם הַמִּילָה, שֶׁשָּׂם זִכָּרוֹן בְּאֵבֶר הַתַּאֲוָה רַב הַמְּהוּמָה וְהַחֵטְא, לְבַל יִשְׁתַּמְּשׁוּ בּוֹ רַק בַּמְּצֻוֶּה וּבַמֻּתָּר. וְעַל דֶּרֶךְ הָאֱמֶת טַעַם "הִנֵּה בְרִיתִי אִתָּךְ" כְּטַעַם "הִנֵּה אָנֹכִי עִמָּךְ" (בראשית כ"ח:ט"ו), "וַיֹּאמֶר כִּי אֶהְיֶה עִמָּךְ" (שמות ג יב), "יְהִי ה' אֱלֹהֵינוּ עִמָּנוּ" (מלכים א ח נז), יֹאמַר כִּי הַבְּרִית יִהְיֶה עִמּוֹ וְלָכֵן יִפְרֶה וְיִרְבֶּה, וְאַחַר כָּךְ צִוָּה שֶׁיִּשְׁמֹר אַבְרָהָם הַבְּרִית הַזֹּאת, וְתִהְיֶה הַמִּילָה לְאוֹת בְּרִית. וְהִנֵּה הָאוֹת הַזֶּה אוֹת כַּשַּׁבָּת, וְלָכֵן יִדְחֶה אוֹתוֹ. וְהָבֵן זֶה (עי' זהר לך לך פט):

1‘VE’ATAH’ (AND AS FOR THEE), THOU SHALT KEEP MY COVENANT. Rashi commented, “The vav of ve’atah connects the verse with the preceding matter [in Verse 4]: ‘As for Me behold My covenant is with thee, and as for thee, thou shalt be careful to keep it.’ And what constitutes this ‘keeping’ of it? This is My covenant, which you shall keep, between Me and you — this applies to those who were then alive; and thy seed after thee⁴¹⁰ — this applies to those who are yet to be born.” The Rabbi is correct in his interpretation of the plain meaning of the verse.Now they⁴¹¹ have said concerning the reason for the commandment of circumcision that He has thereby placed a reminder in the organ of lust, which is the source of much trouble and sin, in order that it should not be used excepting where it is commandatory and permissible.By way of truth,⁴¹², Note 63. the meaning of the verse, Behold, My covenant is with thee,⁴¹³ is similar in meaning to the verses: Behold, I am with thee;⁴¹⁴ And He said, Certainly, I will be with thee;⁴¹⁵ The Eternal our G-d be with us.⁴¹⁶ He is thus saying that the covenant will be with him, and therefore he will be fruitful and multiply. After that He commanded that Abraham keep this covenant, and the circumcision will be as a sign of the covenant. Thus it is that this “sign” is as “the sign” of the Sabbath,⁴¹⁷. (Exodus 31:17.) and therefore circumcision sets aside the Sabbath. Understand this.