Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Genesis 41:56/רמב"ן על בראשית מ״א:נ״ו

אוַיִּשְׁבֹּר לְמִצְרַיִם וַיֶּחֱזַק הָרָעָב בְּאֶרֶץ מִצְרָיִם יֹאמַר כִּי לֹא פָּתַח יוֹסֵף אֲשֶׁר בָּהֶם עַד שֶׁחָזָק הָרָעָב בָּאָרֶץ, לֹא כַּאֲשֶׁר צָעֲקוּ אֶל פַּרְעֹה מִיָּד, כִּי הָעָם צוֹעֲקִים כְּשֶׁיֵּשׁ לָהֶם מִחְיָה מְעַט, וְהוּא רָצָה שֶׁלֹּא יִשָּׁאֵר לָהֶם כְּלוּם. זֶה טַעַם "וְהָרָעָב הָיָה עַל כָּל פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ", כִּי טֶרֶם פָּתְחוּ אוֹצְרוֹתָיו הָיָה הָרָעָב עַל כָּל פְּנֵי הָאָרֶץ, וְעוֹד חָזַר לְבָאֵר שֶׁלֹּא מָכַר לָהֶם עַד שֶׁחָזָק עֲלֵיהֶם מְאֹד, אוֹ שֶׁיַּפְלִיג הַכָּתוּב לוֹמַר שֶׁהָיָה רָעָב שֶׁל מְהוּמָה:

1AND HE SOLD GRAIN UNTO THE EGYPTIANS, AND THE FAMINE WAS SEVERE IN THE LAND OF EGYPT. The verse states that Joseph did not throw open the contents of the storehouses until the famine had become severe in the land, but not as soon as they cried to Pharaoh,¹¹⁷ as people would cry even when they have a small amount of sustenance, and it was his desire that nothing remain to them before he opened the granaries. This is the meaning of the verse, And the famine was over all the face of the earth, meaning that before he had opened his storehouses the famine was over the entire face of the earth, and then the verse proceeds to explain that he did not sell them food until the famine had become severe upon them. Perhaps it is possible that the verse is magnifying the famine by stating that it was a “famine accompanied by panic.”¹¹⁸