Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Genesis 44:1/רמב"ן על בראשית מ״ד:א׳

אכַּאֲשֶׁר יוּכְלוּן שְׂאֵת יוֹתֵר מִן הַמַּגִּיעַ לָהֶם בַּכֶּסֶף אֲשֶׁר הֵבִיאוּ לוֹ:

1AS MUCH AS THEY CAN BEAR. I.e., more than they were entitled to for the money they had brought him.

בוְשִׂים כֶּסֶף אִישׁ בְּפִי אַמְתַּחְתּוֹ לְדַעְתָּם, כִּי אָמַר לָהֶם, יָדַע אֲדֹנִי כִּי עָשָׂה לָכֶם חָמָס וַיְבַקֵּשׁ לְהֵטִיב לָכֶם, שֶׁאִם עָשָׂה זֶה כַּפַּעַם הָרִאשׁוֹנָה שֶׁלֹּא לְדַעְתָּם, הָיָה לָהֶם הִתְנַצְּלוּת בַּגָּבִיעַ, שֶׁנַּעֲשָׂה בּוֹ כַּאֲשֶׁר נַעֲשָׂה בַּכֶּסֶף, אֲבָל הָיָה לְדַעְתָּם, וְיָדְעוּ בַּכֶּסֶף כַּאֲשֶׁר יָדְעוּ בַּמַּשָּׂא, כִּי הִכִּירוּ כִּי נָתַן לָהֶם כַּאֲשֶׁר יוּכְלוּן שְׂאֵת. וְאִם הָיָה שֶׁלֹּא לְדַעְתָּם, אוּלַי טָעַן עֲלֵיהֶם כִּי הָיָה הַכֶּסֶף גַּם בַּפַּעַם הַזֹּאת מַטְמוֹן, וְלֹא יִתָּכֵן כֵּן בַּגָּבִיעַ, וּמִי יוּכַל לָדוּן עִם שֶׁתַּקִּיף מִמֶּנּוּ. וְדַע כִּי בַּעֲבוּר הֱיוֹת הַשּׁוֹבְרִים רַבִּים מְאֹד מִכָּל אֶרֶץ מִצְרַיִם, וּמְהוּמוֹת רַבּוֹת בְּתוֹכָהּ, הָיוּ הַבָּאִים נוֹתְנִין שַׂקֵּיהֶם וְכַסְפֵּיהֶם לַמַּשְׁבִּיר, וְהוּא מוֹדֵד לָהֶם לְפִי הַכֶּסֶף הַנִּמְצָא בָּהֶם, וְהֵם לוֹקְחִים הַנִּתָּן לָהֶם, בַּאֲשֶׁר דְּבַר מֶלֶךְ שִׁלְטוֹן, וְעוֹד כִּי בֶּאֱמוּנָה הוּא עוֹשֶׂה. וְעַל כֵּן לָקְחוּ בַּפַּעַם הָרִאשׁוֹנָה שַׂקֵּיהֶם סְגוּרִים וְלֹא יָדְעוּ מָה בְּתוֹכָם גַּם בַּשֵּׁנִית:

2AND PUT EVERY MAN’s MONEY IN HIS BAG’s MOUTH. That is, with their knowledge, for the house steward said to them, “My lord knows that he did you wrong, and he now wishes to make amends to you.” If he would do as he had done the first time, that is, [put the money in their bags] without their knowledge, they would have had a defense in the matter of the goblet, i.e., that the same thing happened to it as happened to the money. Instead, it was done with their knowledge, and they knew of the money just as they knew of the load, for they recognized that he had given them as much as they can bear. But if it were done without their knowledge, he might perhaps argue on their behalf that the money had come to them this time too on account of its having been hidden there,²¹² but such was not possible with the goblet. But, then, who can argue with one more powerful than himself?²¹⁷Know that on account of the very many buyers from all over Egypt, and the great confusion in the midst of it, those who came to buy would give their sacks and money to the seller, and he would measure grain for them according to the amount of money he found in the sacks. They in turn took the grain given to them, forasmuch as the king’s word hath power,²¹⁸, 8:4. and moreover, for he did his work honestly.²¹⁹ It is for this reason that they took their closed sacks the first time, and even the second time they knew not what was in them.