Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Genesis 44:27/רמב"ן על בראשית מ״ד:כ״ז

אאַתֶּם יְדַעְתֶּם כִּי שְׁנַיִם יָלְדָה לִּי אִשְׁתִּי אִם יֹאמַר שֶׁהוּא יָחִיד לְאִמּוֹ, מָה טַעַם בָּזֶה שֶׁתֵּרֵד שֵׂיבָתוֹ בְּרָעָה שְׁאוֹלָה אַחֲרֵי שֶׁיֵּשׁ לוֹ כַּמָּה בָּנִים רַבִּים וּבְנֵי בָּנִים, וְאִמּוֹ כְּבָר מֵתָה לֹא תִּבְכֶּה עָלָיו בְּפָנָיו. אֲבָל הַטַּעַם כִּי יַעֲקֹב לֹא לָקַח אִשָּׁה מִדַּעְתּוֹ רַק רָחֵל, וְזֶה טַעַם "יָלְדָה לִּי אִשְׁתִּי", כִּי לֹא נוֹלְדוּ לִי מֵאִשָּׁה אֲשֶׁר הִיא אִשְׁתִּי בִּרְצוֹנִי רַק שְׁנַיִם, וְשַׂמְתִּי אַהֲבָתִי בָּהֶם כְּאִלּוּ הֵם יְחִידִים לִי, וְהַשְּׁאָר כִּבְנֵי פִּילַגְשִׁים הֵם אֵלַי, "וְאָחִיו מֵת", וְזֶה לְבַדּוֹ בְּנִי יְחִידִי אֲשֶׁר אָהַבְתִּי. וְלָכֵן יַקְדִּים הַכָּתוּב רָחֵל לְלֵאָה, "כְּרָחֵל וּכְלֵאָה אֲשֶׁר בָּנוּ שְׁתֵּיהֶם אֶת בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל" (רות ד יא), "וַיִּקְרָא לְרָחֵל וּלְלֵאָה הַשָּׂדֶה" (בראשית ל"א:ד'), כִּי הִיא הַקּוֹדֶמֶת בְּמַחְשַׁבְתּוֹ. וְאָמְרוּ הַמְּפָרְשִׁים כִּי לְכָךְ יֹאמַר בַּסֵּדֶר הַזֶּה (בראשית מ"ו:י"ט) "בְּנֵי רָחֵל אֵשֶׁת יַעֲקֹב", כִּי הִיא תִּקָּרֵא אִשְׁתּוֹ בֶּאֱמֶת בְּלֹא מִרְמָה. וּלְדַעְתִּי הָיָה זֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִזְכִּירָהּ שָׁם בֵּין הַשְּׁפָחוֹת, וּכְבָר הִזְכַּרְתִּי כֵן (רמב"ן על בראשית ל"א:ל"ג):

1YE KNOW THAT MY WIFE BORE ME TWO SONS. If we say [that Jacob’s intention was to point out] that Benjamin is the only one left to his mother, why is this a reason [for his saying that if some harm will befall him] it will bring down his gray hairs with sorrow to the grave?²² After all, he has many sons and grandchildren, and Benjamin’s mother has already died, and she would no longer weep over him in Jacob’s presence. The meaning of the verse, however, is that Jacob took only Rachel as a wife on his own initiative. This is the sense of the words, my wife bore me: “for from a woman that was my wife of my own will there have been only two sons born to me, and I have bestowed my love upon them as if they were my only ones, the rest being to me as if they were children of concubines. And with his brother Joseph dead, this one alone is my only son whom I have loved.” It is for this reason that Scripture mentions Rachel before Leah: Like Rachel and like Leah, which two did build the house of Israel;²³ And he called Rachel and Leah to the field.²⁴ Rachel took precedence in his mind. The commentators²⁵ have said that the reason why Scripture in this Seder says, The sons of Rachel Jacob’s wife,²⁶ is that she is called his wife in truth, without any deception. In my opinion, however, this is because Rachel is mentioned there among the handmaids, as I have already so mentioned.²⁷, is independently justified.