Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Leviticus 16:3/רמב"ן על ויקרא ט״ז:ג׳
אוְסוֹד בְּזֹאת יָבֹא אַהֲרֹן אֶל הַקֹּדֶשׁ כְּסוֹד "זֹאת אוֹת הַבְּרִית אֲשֶׁר הֲקִמֹתִי" (בראשית ט יז), וּכְבָר פֵּרַשְׁתִּיו (שמות לא יג). וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ רָמְזוּ בּוֹ, אָמְרוּ בְּוַיִּקְרָא רַבָּה (כא ו), רַבִּי יוּדָן פָּתַר קְרָאֵי בְּכֹהֵן גָּדוֹל, בִּכְנִיסָתוֹ לְבֵית קָדְשֵׁי הַקֳּדָשִׁים חֲבִילוֹת חֲבִילוֹת שֶׁל מִצְוֹת בְּיָדוֹ, בִּזְכוּת הַתּוֹרָה - "וְזֹאת הַתּוֹרָה" (דברים ד מד), וּבִזְכוּת מִילָה - "זֹאת בְּרִיתִי אֲשֶׁר תִּשְׁמְרוּ" (בראשית יז י), בִּזְכוּת שַׁבָּת - "אַשְׁרֵי אֱנוֹשׁ יַעֲשֶׂה זֹּאת" (ישעיהו נו ב), בִּזְכוּת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם - "זֹאת יְרוּשָׁלַיִם" (יחזקאל ה ה), בִּזְכוּת שְׁבָטִים - "וְזֹאת אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּר לָהֶם אֲבִיהֶם" (בראשית מט כח), בִּזְכוּת יְהוּדָה - "וְזֹאת לִיהוּדָה" (דברים לג ז), בִּזְכוּת כְּנֶסֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל - "זֹאת קוֹמָתֵךְ דָּמְתָה לְתָמָר" (שיר השירים ז ח), בִּזְכוּת הַתְּרוּמָה - "וְזֹאת הַתְּרוּמָה" (שמות כה ג), בִּזְכוּת הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת - "וּבְחָנוּנִי נָא בָּזֹאת" (מלאכי ג י), בִּזְכוּת הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת - "בְּזֹאת יָבֹא אַהֲרֹן". וְזֶה צָרִיךְ פֵּרוּשׁ אָרֹךְ, אֲבָל כְּבָר הַכֹּל מְבֹאָר בִּדְבָרֵינוּ:
1The secret of ‘b’zoth’ (With this) shall Aaron come into the holy place,21 is analogous to the secret of ‘zoth’ (this is) the token of the covenant which I have established.25 I have already explained it.26 Our Rabbis alluded to it in saying in Vayikra Rabbah:27 “Rabbi Yudan explained the verse [‘With this’ shall Aaron come into the holy place] with reference to the High Priest when entering the Holy of Holies: he came with many bundles of commandments [fulfilled by Israel] in his possession. He came in there by merit of [their studying] Torah, as it is said, and ‘this’ is the law;28 by merit of circumcision, as it is said, ‘This’ is My covenant, which ye shall keep;29 by merit of keeping the Sabbath, as it is said, Happy is the man that doeth ‘this’ [… that keepeth the Sabbath];30 by the guarding influence of Jerusalem, as it is said, ‘This’ is Jerusalem;31 by the guarding influence of the [twelve] tribes, as it is said, and ‘this’ is that their father spoke unto them;32 by the guarding influence of Judah, as it is said, And ‘this’ [Moses said] for Judah;33 by the guarding influence of the congregation of Israel, as it is said, ‘This’ thy stature is like to a palm-tree;34 by merit of [Israel having observed the law of] the heave-offering, as it is said, And ‘this’ is ‘ha’terumah’ (the offering);35 is here understood in the wider sense of “something set apart.” The portion given to the priest from the produce of the corn, etc. is therefore terumah. In this particular verse it refers to that which was set apart as a freewill gift for the erection of the Tabernacle. by the merit of [Israel giving] the tithes, as it is said, and try Me now with ‘this;’36. by the merit of bringing the offerings, as it is said, With ‘this’ shall Aaron come.” This text requires a lengthy exposition, but it is all explained in our commentary [in various places].37