Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah

Ramban on Leviticus 22:31/רמב"ן על ויקרא כ״ב:ל״א

אוְטַעַם וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם מִצְוֹתַי בְּכָאן יַזְהִיר אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל לִשְׁמֹר הַמִּצְוֹת, שֶׁיִּזָּהֲרוּ בַּקָּרְבָּנוֹת בַּמּוּמִים, וּבִמְחֻסְּרֵי הַזְּמַן קֹדֶם שִׁבְעָה, וְיוֹם שֶׁנִּשְׁחֲטָה הָאֵם, וְלַעֲשׂוֹת הַזְּבָחִים וְהַתּוֹדָה וּלְשָׁחְטָם לְרָצוֹן, וְיִכְלֹל כָּל הַמִּצְוֹת בְּיַחַד. וּכְבָר הִזְכִּיר לְמַעְלָה בַּחֻקִּים וּבַמִּשְׁפָּטִים "וּשְׁמַרְתֶּם אֶת כָּל חֻקֹּתַי וְאֶת כָּל מִשְׁפָּטַי" (ויקרא י"ט:ל"ז). וְאָמַר "לֹא תְחַלְּלוּ אֶת שֵׁם קָדְשִׁי" לִהְיוֹת בָּכֶם נוֹכֵל וְזוֹבֵחַ מָשְׁחָת לַה', כְּמוֹ שֶׁאָמַר בִּבְנֵי אַהֲרֹן "וְלֹא יְחַלְּלוּ אֶת שֵׁם קָדְשִׁי" (ויקרא כ"ב:ב'), שֶׁיַּזְהִיר בַּקָּרְבָּנוֹת מִן הַטֻּמְאָה אוֹ הַמּוּמִין:

1AND YE SHALL KEEP MY COMMANDMENTS. The meaning of this is that here He admonished Israel to keep the commandments, that they should be careful with the offerings [that they should not have] blemishes, or be wanting in time, such as before completion of the seven days [after birth of the animal], and [that they may not be slaughtered] on the day that the dam had been slaughtered [or conversely], and that they bring the peace-offerings and the thanks-offering [properly as ordained], and that they slaughter them with the intention that they be accepted for them;¹⁵⁸ thus He included therein all commandments together. Now He has already mentioned above with reference to the statutes and ordinances, And ye shall observe all My statutes, and all Mine ordinances.¹⁵⁹ He states [here], And ye shall not profane My holy Name,¹⁶⁰ which means to say that there should not be among you one who dealeth craftily, [whereas he hath in his flock a male, and voweth,] and sacrificeth unto the Eternal a blemished thing,¹⁶¹ just as He said with reference to the sons of Aaron, and they profane not My holy Name,¹⁶² warning them in connection with the offerings against impurity or blemishes.