Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Numbers 35:8/רמב"ן על במדבר ל״ה:ח׳
אמֵאֵת הָרַב תַּרְבּוּ וּמֵאֵת הַמְעַט תַּמְעִיטוּ – גַּם זֶה עַל דַּעַת רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (בבא בתרא קכ״ב) מֵאֵת בָּתֵּי הָאָבוֹת שֶׁנָּחֲלוּ הַרְבֵּה יִקְחוּ הַרְבֵּה, כְּמוֹ שֶׁהִזְכִּיר ״לְמִשְׁפְּחֹתֵיכֶם״ (במדבר ל״ג:נ״ד). אֲבָל הַשְּׁבָטִים שָׁוִים הָיוּ בַּנַּחֲלָה, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁתִּמְצָא בְּסֵפֶר יְהוֹשֻׁעַ (פרק כ״א) שֶׁאֵין מִסְפַּר הֶעָרִים אֲשֶׁר נָתְנוּ לַלְוִיִּם שָׁוֶה לְשִׁבְטֵיהֶם, מִפְּנֵי שִׁנּוּי הֶעָרִים הָיָה, שֶׁהָיוּ חֲשׁוּבוֹת זוֹ מִזּוֹ, כִּי בְּשׁוּמָא נִתְחַלְּקָה הָאָרֶץ. תֵּדַע, שֶׁהֲרֵי נָתְנוּ מִיהוּדָה וְשִׁמְעוֹן וּבִנְיָמִין עָרִים י״ג, וּמִמַּטֵּה יִשָּׂשכָר אָשֵׁר וְנַפְתָּלִי וַחֲצִי מְנַשֶּׁה י״ג, וְאֵלּוּ מְרֻבִּים עַל הָרִאשׁוֹנִים בְּמִנְיָנָם. וְנָתְנוּ מִמַּטֵּה אֶפְרַיִם עָרִים אַרְבַּע, וּמִמַּטֵּה דָן עָרִים אַרְבַּע, וְהָיוּ בְּנֵי דָן כִּפְלַיִם כִּבְנֵי אֶפְרָיִם:
1FROM THE MANY YE SHALL TAKE MANY, AND FROM THE FEW YE SHALL TAKE FEW. Here too,66 in the opinion of our Rabbis [the meaning is that] from the paternal families which received a large amount as their inheritance, they should take many [cities], as He mentioned according to your families,67 while each tribe received exactly the same amount of land [and therefore had to provide an equal number of cities for the Levites]. And although you will find in the Book of Joshua that the number of cities which they gave to the Levites was not equal,68 equal” is thus clear, as is proven in the cases of Judah, Shimon, and Naphtali. according to the number of tribes, that was because of the [different] value of the particular cities, since some were more important than the others, for the Land was divided according to its value.69). A proof to this is the fact that from [the tribes of] Judah, Shimon and Benjamin they gave thirteen cities [to the Levites],70 and from the tribes of Issachar, Asher, Naphtali, and the half-tribe of Menasheh, [also] thirteen [cities were given],70 and yet these [latter tribes] were larger than the former ones in their population.71), Shimon (Verse 14), and Benjamin (Verse 41) totalled 144,300. Issachar (Verse 25), Asher (Verse 47), and Naphtali (Verse 50) totalled 163,100. The complete tribe of Menasheh (Verse 34) totalled 52,700. Assuming that the half-tribe of Menasheh mentioned in Joshua was exact half [i.e., 26,350] we have a total for the latter group mentioned of 189,450, which is far more than the 144,300 of the first group. And from the tribe of Ephraim they gave four cities [to the Levites],72 and from the tribe of Dan four cities,73, Verses 23-24. and yet the children of Dan were double [the population] of the children of Ephraim.74, Verse 43)! Thus we must say that the cities were not given in proportion to the population of the tribes, but according to the appraised value of the city.