Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah
Sforno on Exodus 2:6/ספורנו על שמות ב׳:ו׳
אוַתִּפְתַּח וַתִּרְאֵהוּ. וַתֵּרֶא אוֹתוֹ כִּי טוֹב הוּא וְיָפֶה מְאֹד.
1ותפתח, she then saw that this was an exceptionally beautiful baby.
באֶת הַיֶּלֶד וְהִנֵּה נַעַר בֹּכֶה. וְרָאֲתָה שֶׁעִם הֱיוֹתוֹ יֶלֶד הָיָה נַעַר בּוֹכֶה, וְזֶה כִּי הַוָּלָד מֵעֵת הוֹלְדוֹ עַד הֱיוֹתוֹ שָׁלֵם בְּגִדּוּל יִקָּרֵא יֶלֶד, כְּעִנְיַן "הַיְלָדִים אֲשֶׁר גָּדְלוּ אִתּוֹ" (מלכים א יב:י) הָאָמוּר בִּרְחַבְעָם, וְכֵן "יְלָדִים אֲשֶׁר אֵין בָּהֶם כָּל מוּם" (דניאל א:ד) הָאָמוּר בְּדָנִיֵּאל וַחֲבֵרָיו. וּמֵעֵת הֱיוֹתוֹ מִתְנַעֵר וּמִתְנוֹעֵעַ בִּתְנוּעוֹת בִּלְתִּי שְׁלֵמוֹת לְהַשִּׂיג תַּכְלִית יִקָּרֵא נַעַר. וּמִזֶּה יִקָּרֵא כָּל מְשָׁרֵת נַעַר, כִּי אָמְנָם רֹב תְּנוּעוֹתָיו בִּלְתִּי שְׁלֵמוֹת כְּפִי הַצָּרִיךְ לְהַשִּׂיג הַתַּכְלִית הַמְכֻוָּן מֵאֲדוֹנָיו. אָמַר, אִם כֵּן, שֶׁרָאֲתָה שֶׁעִם הֱיוֹתוֹ יֶלֶד נוֹלָד מִקָּרוֹב הִנֵּה הָיָה נַעַר בּוֹכֶה, מִתְנַעֵר בִּתְנוּעָה נִפְלָאָה כְּבֶן גִּילוֹ.
2את הילד, בוכה, she noticed that though his size was that of an infant, when he cried he sounded like a far older child, a lad. Actually, from birth until maturity a child is still called ילד. The best proof of this is found in Kings I 12,10 where the advisors of Rechavam, the son of king Solomon who ascended the throne after him, is described as listening to his youthful advisors who are called הילדים אשר גדלו עמו “the children who had grown up with him.” [Rechavam was 41 years of age at the time. Ed.] Also in Daniel 1,4 youngsters at least in their teens are referred to as ילדים. The term נער is applied to someone who no longer enjoys the perfection of early youth. According to our author perfect co-ordination of one’s limbs results in one’s making wrong moves on occasion. The reason why servants are referred to as נער is that they frequently are inept in their movements to the annoyance of their masters. The daughter of Pharaoh recognised in this baby that though this child had only recently been born it already showed signs of physical maturity as she could hear by the manner in which it cried. נער בוכה, awakening, shaking himself like a child of this age.
גוַתַּחְמֹל עָלָיו. שֶׁיְּהֵא וָלָד נָאֶה וּמוּכָן לִשְׁלֵמוּת כָּזֶה נִזְרָק לַיְאוֹר.
3ותחמול עליו, seeing that he was such a beautiful baby, far too perfect a creature to simply throw into the river.
דוַתֹּאמֶר מִיַּלְדֵי הָעִבְרִים זֶה. אֵין זֶה אֲסוּפִי, נוֹלָד מִזְּנוּת, בְּאֹפֶן שֶׁיִּהְיֶה מוּכָן לִבְגֹד, כְּאָמְרוֹ (ישעיהו נז:ד) "יִלְדֵי פֶשַׁע זֶרַע שָׁקֶר":
4ותאמר מילדי העברים זה, this is not an illegitimate baby, abandoned by its mother. Such a baby, when it grew up was likely to become a criminal, as we know from Isaiah 57,4 ילדי פשע זרע שקר, “children born in sin, offspring of treachery.”