Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah
Sforno on Exodus 3:14/ספורנו על שמות ג׳:י״ד
אאֶהְיֶה אֲשֶׁר אֶהְיֶה. הַהֹוֶה תָּמִיד עַל עִנְיָן אֶחָד מִצַּד עַצְמוֹ, וּמִזֶּה יִתְחַיֵּב שֶׁיֹּאהַב הַמְּצִיאוּת וְיִשְׂנָא כָּל הֶפְסֵד מִנֶּגֶד לַמְּצִיאוּת, כְּאָמְרוֹ "כִּי לֹא אֶחְפֹּץ בְּמוֹת הַמֵּת" (יחזקאל יח:לב). וּמִזֶּה יִתְחַיֵּב שֶׁיֹּאהַב מִשְׁפָּט וּצְדָקָה, אֲשֶׁר תַּכְלִיתָם מְצִיאוּת, וְיִשְׂנָא הָעָוֶל וְהָאַכְזָרִיּוּת, הַמַּטִּים עֲקַלְקְלוֹת אֶל הֶעְדֵּר וְהֶפְסֵד, וּבָזֶה שָׂנֵא חָמָס וְאַכְזָרִיּוּת הַמִּצְרִים נֶגְדְּכֶם:
1אהיה אשר אהיה. I am an independent existence, not subject to influences by other phenomena or even caused by them. Seeing that this is so it follows that I love existing, and beings that exist. As a corollary to this love of Mine for existence, it follows that I deeply resent anything or anyone who tries to terminate such an existing being from continuing to do so. The prophet Ezekiel 18,32 phrased this thought as “for I do not desire the death of him that dies.” From this it follows that I must love righteousness and justice the objective of both virtues being the continued existence of all who deserve it. At the same time, it follows that I must hate injustice and cruelty as these vices are apt to terminate the existence of the victims of these vices. Clearly, then, this G’d must hate the violence and cruelty perpetrated on you by the Egyptians.