Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah
Sforno on Leviticus 10:19/ספורנו על ויקרא י׳:י״ט
אהֵן הַיּוֹם הִקְרִיבוּ. כְּמוֹ ״הֵן יְשַׁלַּח אִישׁ אֶת אִשְׁתּוֹ״ (ירמיהו ג:א), ״הֵן יִשָּׂא אִישׁ בְּשַׂר קֹדֶשׁ״ (חגי ב:יב), וְטַעֲמוֹ: אִם הָיָה הָעִנְיָן כֵּן שֶׁהָיוּ אֵלֶּה מַקְרִיבִים חַטָּאתָם שֶׁל חוֹבָה וְאֶת עוֹלָתָם שֶׁל נְדָבָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינָם קָדְשֵׁי צִבּוּר לְדוֹרוֹת, וְהָיִינוּ אוֹכְלִים הַחַטָּאת הַיּוֹם בִּהְיוֹתֵנוּ אוֹנְנִים.
1הן היום הקריבו, a construction similar to Jeremiah 3,1 הן ישלח איש את אשתו, “if a man divorces his wife, etc.” Or, Chagai 2,12 הן ישא איש בשר קודש, “if a man is carrying sacrificial flesh…and his garment touches bread, will the latter become holy?” Aaron’s reasoning goes as follows: “if the subject matter had merely been that these sons of mine had offered mandatory sin offerings, and burnt offerings which were of a voluntary category, even though they would not constitute mandatory public offerings in the future, and we had consumed the meat of these sacrifices today being in the state of aninut pre-mourning, that we are in,
בהַיִּיטַב בְּעֵינֵי ה׳. שֶׁנֹּאכַל קָדְשֵׁי דוֹרוֹת בַּאֲנִינוּת, הֲלֹא דָּבָר יָדוּעַ הוּא שֶׁאֵין אֲכִילַת אוֹנֵן בְּכַוָּנָה רְאוּיָה לְכַפֵּר, כְּאָמְרוֹ בְּקָדָשִׁים קַלִּים (דברים כו:יד) ״לֹא אָכַלְתִּי בְאֹנִי מִמֶּנּוּ״, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁצִּוִּיתָ שֶׁנֹּאכַל בַּאֲנִינוּת אֶת הַמִּנְחָה שֶׁהִיא קָדְשֵׁי שָׁעָה, לֹא יִתְחַיֵּב זֶה בְּקָדְשֵׁי דוֹרוֹת.
2would this have been pleasing to the Lord?” Is it not an ironclad rule that the eating of sacrificial meat deliberately while in such a “hybrid” ritual state will not advance the atonement sought for? In Deuteronomy 26,14 we learn that it is forbidden to consume such sacrificial meat of offerings of the second degree of sanctity, קדשים קלים. Aaron argues that notwithstanding the fact that he was ordered to consume the remains of the minchah offering which was only a one time offering, such a rule did not apply to sacrifices which are part of the regular Temple service.