Tanach · Acharonim on Tanach · Or HaChaim · Torah

Or HaChaim on Genesis 31:36/אור החיים על בראשית ל״א:ל״ו

אוַיִּחַר לְיַעֲקֹב וַיָּרֶב. פֵּרוּשׁ, לְצַד שֶׁבָּא לִכְלַל כַּעַס בָּא לִכְלַל מְרִיבָה, וְזוּלַת זֶה לֹא הָיָה מֵרִיב.
1 ויחר ליעקב וירב, Jacob then grew angry and argued, etc. The Torah stresses that Jacob's quarrelling was the direct result of his becoming angry. Otherwise he would not have started a quarrel.
בוַיָּרֶב בְּלָבָן. פֵּרוּשׁ, בְּעֵרֶךְ לָבָן הָיָה הַדָּבָר נִכָּר שֶׁהוּא מְרִיבָה, אֲבָל אִם הָיוּ הַדְּבָרִים לְאָדָם אַחֵר לֹא תִקָּרֵא מְרִיבָה. וְכֵן תִּמְצָא שֶׁאָמְרוּ זִכְרוֹנָם לִבְרָכָה (בראשית רבה ע״ד) וְזֶה לְשׁוֹנָם: קַפְדָנוּתָם שֶׁל אָבוֹת וְלֹא עַנְוְתָנוּתָן שֶׁל בָּנִים וְכוּ׳ פִּיּוּסִים יַעֲקֹב מְפַיֵּס לְחָמִיו״ וְכוּ׳ עַד כָּאן. וְזֶה מְכֻוָּן לִדְבָרֵינוּ. וְאוּלַי יְכַוֵּן עוֹד שֶׁלֹּא רָב עִמּוֹ בִּכְנוּפְיַת אֲנָשִׁים אֶלָּא בְּיִחוּד עִמּוֹ, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ וַיָּרֶב בְּלָבָן פֵּרוּשׁ: בְּיִחוּד עִמּוֹ שֶׁלֹּא יִכָּלֵם בְּתוֹכַחְתּוֹ.
2וירב בלבן. He quarrelled with Laban. The meaning of the word בלבן is to show that this argument was considered as a quarrel only in the eyes of Laban. Anyone else would not have considered Jacob's justified argument a quarrel. In Bereshit Rabbah 74,10 Rabbi Azaryah describes this irritability of the patriarchs as preferable to the humility of subsequent generations of their descendants. He describes Jacob's conduct as conciliatory. Jacob pointed out that it was no more than fair that a son-in-law makes use of his father-in-law's utensils once in a while, etc. The approach by Rabbi Azaryah closely reflects what we have said. Perhaps the Torah also had in mind to tell us that Jacob quarrelled "with Laban," i.e. when the two were not overheard, were in the privacy of his tent. He did not humiliate Laban by complaining to him in public.
גמַה פִּשְׁעִי וְגוֹ׳. פֵּירוּשׁ: בִּשְׁלָמָא אִם מִיָּמֶיךָ מָצָאתָ בִּי עָוֶל שֶׁפָּשַׁעְתִּי לְךָ, כִּיעוּר זֶה שֶׁל הַגְּנֵיבָה בְּפֶשַׁע, וְלֹא לְבַד בְּפֶשַׁע אֶלָּא אֲפִילוּ בְּשׁוֹגֵג, וְהוּא אָמְרוֹ מַה חַטָּאתִי שֶׁתַּחְשְׁדֵנִי בְּגַנָּב. וְגִלָּה דַּעְתּוֹ יַעֲקֹב כִּי טַעַם הַקְפָּדָתוֹ הָיְתָה שֶׁרָאָהוּ מְמַשֵּׁשׁ כָּל נְכָסָיו וְכֵלָיו, וּלְצַד הֶעְדֵּר יְדִיעָתוֹ בִּגְנֵיבַת הַתְּרָפִים יַחְשׁוֹב כִּי לֹא הָיָה מְחַפֵּשׂ חִיפּוּשׁ מְחוּפָּשׂ אֶלָּא לִרְאוֹת אִם לָקַח דְּבַר מָה מִשֶּׁלּוֹ, וְהֶעֱרִים לוֹמַר שֶׁגָּנְבוּ לוֹ תְּרָפָיו שֶׁיִּהְיֶה לוֹ סִבָּה לְחַפֵּשׂ בְּכָל הַמְּקוֹמוֹת. לָזֶה הוֹכִיחוֹ מִנַּיִן נִכְנַס לוֹ צַד הַסָּפֵק בּוֹ שֶׁהוּצְרַךְ לְחַפֵּשׂ.
3מה פשעי, מה חטאתי, "what intentional or even unintentional sin against you am I guilty of?" Jacob meant that if during the last twenty years Laban ever had occasion to fault him for an intentional or even an unintentional trespass against him, he could understand why Laban was suspicious of him now. Seeing that he had never given Laban any reason to suspect him of wrong-doing why would he do so now? Jacob also alluded to Laban's manner of searching his belongings. The way Laban had examined every last one of Jacob's belongings clearly indicated that he hoped to find not only his Teraphim but other triviae that Jacob might have stolen from him. Laban had used the disappearance of his Teraphim only as a pretext to conduct a thorough search of all of Jacob's belongings. Jacob challenged Laban's right to have done so.