Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Exodus 15:19/רמב"ן על שמות ט״ו:י״ט
אכִּי בָא סוּס פַּרְעֹה בְּרִכְבּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו אָמַר ר"א (אבן עזרא על שמות ט"ו:י"ט) שֶׁגַּם זֶה מִן הַשִּׁירָה, כִּי הָיוּ מְשׁוֹרְרִים וְאוֹמְרִים כִּי בָא סוּס פַּרְעֹה בְּרִכְבּוֹ וּבְפָרָשָׁיו בַּיָּם וַיָּשֶׁב עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת מֵי הַיָּם בְּעוֹד בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הוֹלְכִים בַּיַּבָּשָׁה בְּתוֹךְ הַיָּם, וְהוּא נֵס בְּתוֹךְ נֵס וְאֵינֶנּוּ בִּלְשׁוֹן הַשִּׁירָה וְהַנְּבוּאוֹת. אֲבָל פֵּרוּשׁוֹ, אָז יָשִׁיר מֹשֶׁה, כִּי בָא סוּס פַּרְעֹה בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא מִיָּד, לֹא מִיּוֹם הַמָּחֳרָת אוֹ אַחֲרֵי כֵן. אוֹ טַעְמוֹ אָז יָשִׁיר, כַּאֲשֶׁר בָּא סוּס פַּרְעֹה בַּיָּם וְהֵשִׁיב עֲלֵיהֶם ה' מֵי הַיָּם בְּעוֹד בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל הוֹלְכִים בַּיַּבָּשָׁה בְּתוֹכוֹ, לְהַגִּיד כִּי בְּלֶכְתָּם בְּתוֹכוֹ בַּיַּבָּשָׁה אָמְרוּ הַשִּׁירָה. וְאָמַר עוֹד, כִּי אָז לָקְחָה מִרְיָם הַנְּבִיאָה אֶת הַתֹּף בְּיָדָהּ וְעָנְתָה לָהֶם הַפָּסוּק הָרִאשׁוֹן שֶׁל הַשִּׁירָה שֶׁתַּעֲנֶינָה כֵן אַחֲרֵי מֹשֶׁה וְיִשְׂרָאֵל:
1FOR THE HORSES OF PHARAOH WENT IN WITH HIS CHARIOTS AND WITH HIS HORSEMEN. Rabbi Abraham ibn Ezra said that this verse is also part of the Song, for Moses and the children of Israel were singing and saying: For the horses of Pharaoh went in with his chariots and with his horsemen into the sea, and the Eternal brought back the waters of the sea upon them while the children of Israel were walking on dry land in the midst of the sea, this being a miracle within a miracle.232 when the horses of Pharaoh went in, etc., He brought the waters upon them, and at the same time, the children of Israel walked on dry land.But this verse is not written in the style of the Song, nor is it in the style of prophecies! [Therefore, Ibn Ezra’s interpretation is not correct.] Instead, the verse is to be interpreted [as dating the Song]: Then sang Moses — when the horses of Pharaoh went in. Immediately on that day — not the following day or at some later time — [he sang this Song]. It may be that the sense thereof is as follows: Then Moses sang, when the horses of Pharaoh went into the sea and G-d brought back the waters of the sea upon them while the children of Israel were yet walking on dry land in the midst of it. Thus the verse relates that they said the Song while they were walking in the midst of the sea on dry land. Scripture further tells233 that it was then that Miriam the prophetess took the timbrel in hand and sang them the first verse of the Song that they, [i.e., the women], should sing after Moses and Israel.