Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Genesis 30:1/רמב"ן על בראשית ל׳:א׳
אהָבָה לִּי בָנִים אָמְרוּ הַמְּפָרְשִׁים (רש"י וראב"ע), שֶׁתִּתְפַּלֵּל עָלַי, "וְאִם אַיִן מֵתָה אָנֹכִי", לְשׁוֹן רַשִׁ"י (רש"י על בראשית ל':א'), שֶׁמִּי שֶׁאֵין לוֹ בָּנִים חָשׁוּב כְּמֵת, וְהוּא מִדְרַשׁ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (ב"ר עא ו). וַאֲנִי תָּמֵהַּ, אִם כֵּן לָמָּה חָרָה אַפּוֹ, וְלָמָּה אָמַר "הֲתַחַת אֱלֹהִים אָנֹכִי", וְשׁוֹמֵעַ אֶל צַדִּיקִים ה', וּמָה שֶׁאָמַר אַבָּא לֹא הָיוּ לוֹ בָּנִים אֲנִי יֵשׁ לִי בָּנִים, מִמֵּךְ מָנַע מִמֶּנִּי לֹא מָנַע, וְכִי הַצַּדִּיקִים אֵינָן מִתְפַּלְּלִים בְּעַד אֲחֵרִים, וְהִנֵּה אֵלִיָּהוּ וֶאֱלִישָׁע הִתְפַּלְּלוּ בְּעַד נָשִׁים נָכְרִיּוֹת (מ"א יז כא ושם ב ד טז). וְנִרְאֶה שֶׁבִּשְׁבִיל זֶה תְּפָסוּהוּ רַבּוֹתֵינוּ, אָמְרוּ בִּבְרֵאשִׁית רַבָּה (בראשית רבה ע"א:ז'), אָמַר לוֹ הקב"ה, כָּךְ עוֹנִין אֶת הַמְּעִיקוֹת, חַיֶּיךָ שֶׁבָּנֶיךָ עֲתִידִין לַעֲמֹד לִפְנֵי בְּנָהּ. וְעַל דֶּרֶךְ הַפְּשָׁט אָמְרָה רָחֵל לְיַעֲקֹב שֶׁיִּתֵּן לָהּ בָּנִים, וּבֶאֱמֶת דַּעְתָּהּ לֵאמֹר שֶׁיִּתְפַּלֵּל עָלֶיהָ, אֲבָל שֶׁיִּתְפַּלֵּל עָלֶיהָ עַד שֶׁיִּתֵּן לָהּ בָּנִים עַל כָּל פָּנִים, וְאִם אַיִן שֶׁתָּמִית עַצְמָהּ בְּצַעַר. דִּבְּרָה שֶׁלֹּא כַּהֹגֶן בְּקִנְאָתָהּ, וְחָשְׁבָה כִּי בְּאַהֲבָתוֹ אוֹתָהּ יִתְעַנֶּה יַעֲקֹב וְיִלְבַּשׁ שַׂק וָאֵפֶר וְיִתְפַּלֵּל עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ לָהּ בָּנִים שֶׁלֹּא תָּמוּת בְּצַעֲרָהּ:
1GIVE ME CHILDREN. The commentators98 said that this means that Rachel asked Jacob to pray on her behalf. Or else I die — Rashi comments: “For one who is childless may be considered as dead.” This is a Midrash of our Rabbis.99But I wonder. If so, why was Jacob angry with her? And why did he say, Am I in G-d’s stead?100 for G-d hearkens to the righteous.101 [I wonder concerning] that which Jacob said [to Rachel, as quoted in Rashi:100 “You say that I should do as did my father, who prayed on behalf of Rebekah, but I am not circumstanced as my father was. My] father had no children at all. I, however, have children. It is from you that He had withheld children and not from me.” Do not the righteous pray on behalf of others? There were Elijah102 and Elisha103 who prayed on behalf of strange women.It would appear that on account of Jacob’s answer, our Rabbis took him to task, saying in Bereshith Rabbah:104 “The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Jacob, ‘Is this the way to answer a woman who is oppressed by her barrenness? By your life! Your children are destined to stand before her son Joseph!’”In line with the plain meaning of Scripture, Rachel asked of Jacob that he give her children, but her intent was truly to say that he should pray on her behalf and continue indeed to pray until G-d would, in any case, grant her children, and if not, she would mortify herself because of grief. In her envy she spoke improperly, thinking that because Jacob loved her he would fast, put on sackcloth with ashes,105 and pray until she would have children, so that she should not die of her grief.