Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Numbers 15:2/רמב"ן על במדבר ט״ו:ב׳
אכִּי תָבֹאוּ אֶל אֶרֶץ מוֹשְׁבֹתֵיכֶם – אַחַר שֶׁהִבְטִיחַ אֶת הַבָּנִים שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ אֶל הָאָרֶץ, הִשְׁלִים לָהֶם תּוֹרַת הַקָּרְבָּנוֹת שֶׁיַּקְרִיבוּ נְסָכִים בְּבוֹאָם לָאָרֶץ. וְאוּלַי הָיָה זֶה עַתָּה לְנַחֲמָם וּלְהַבְטִיחָם, כִּי הָיוּ נוֹאָשִׁים לֵאמֹר, מִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה יִהְיֶה לְאֹרֶךְ יָמִים לְסוֹף אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה, וְאִם יֶחְטְאוּ גַּם הַבָּנִים. וְלָכֵן רָאָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְנַחֲמָם, כִּי בְּצַוֹּתוֹ אוֹתָם בְּמִצְווֹת הָאָרֶץ הִבְטִיחָם שֶׁגָּלוּי לְפָנָיו שֶׁיָּבֹאוּ וְיִירְשׁוּ אוֹתָהּ. וְהִנֵּה צִוָּה בַּנְּסָכִים בָּאָרֶץ בַּעֲשׂוֹתָם עוֹלוֹת וּזְבָחִים, כִּי בַּמִּדְבָּר לֹא נִתְחַיְּיבוּ בִּנְסָכִים לְבַד בַּתָּמִיד שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר בּוֹ: ״וְנֵסֶךְ רְבִיעִית הַהִין יָיִן לַכֶּבֶשׂ הָאֶחָד״ (שמות כט מ), כִּי שָׁם נֶאֱמַר: ״פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד לִפְנֵי ה' אֲשֶׁר אִוָּעֵד לָכֶם שָׁמָּה לְדַבֵּר אֵלֶיךָ שָׁם״ (שם פסוק מב). וְכֵן הַנְּשִׂיאִים בַּחֲנֻכָּה שֶׁלָּהֶם לֹא הֵבִיאוּ נְסָכִים. וְרַבּוֹתֵינוּ נֶחְלְקוּ בָּזֶה, מֵהֶם שֶׁאָמְרוּ בְּסִפְרֵי (שלח קז): בָּא הַכָּתוּב לְלַמֶּדְךָ שֶׁלֹּא נִתְחַיְּיבוּ בַּנְּסָכִים אֶלָּא מִבִּיאָתָם לָאָרֶץ וְאֵילָךְ וְכוּ', וּמֵהֶם שֶׁאָמְרוּ שֶׁלֹּא נִתְחַיֵּב הַיָּחִיד בַּנְּסָכִים אֶלָּא מִבִּיאָתָם לָאָרֶץ וְאֵילָךְ. וְהִשְׁלִים עוֹד תּוֹרַת כֹּהֲנִים וְצִוָּה עַל הַחַלָּה שֶׁלֹּא נָהֲגָה בַמִּדְבָּר. כִּי הַתְּרוּמָה וְהַמַּעֲשֵׂר בְּיָדוּעַ שֶׁלֹּא יִנְהֲגוּ שָׁם, כִּי הֵם מֵרוּחַ הַגּוֹי וּבְחוּצָה לָאָרֶץ. וְיֵשׁ עוֹד שִׁנּוּי בַּחַלָּה עַל דַּעַת רַבּוֹתֵינוּ (כתובות כה א) שֶׁנִּתְחַיְּיבוּ בְַחַלָּה כְּשֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ לָאָרֶץ מִיָּד, וְלֹא נִתְחַיְּיבוּ בַּמַּעַשְׂרוֹת וּבַתְּרוּמָה אֶלָּא לְאַחַר יְרֻשָּׁה וִישִׁיבָה:
1WHEN YE ARE COME INTO THE LAND OF YOUR HABITATIONS. After He had assured the children [of those who had left Egypt] that they would come into the Land,176 He completed [telling] them the laws of the offerings, and that they should bring the drink-offerings when they enter the Land. Perhaps this [section] was [told to them] now in order to console them and give them an assurance [that they would indeed take possession of the Land], for they began to give up hope, saying: “Who knows what will happen in such a long time — after forty years — for may be the children will also sin?” Therefore the Holy One, blessed be He, saw fit to comfort them, for by commanding them precepts which are applicable [only] in the Land, He thereby was assuring them that it is clearly destined by Him that they will come into and inherit the Land.Now He commanded them concerning the drink-offerings [that they were to bring] in the Land when making burnt-offerings and peace-offerings, since in the wilderness they had no duty to bring drink-offerings except with the continual [daily] burnt-offering, concerning which it is said, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink-offering for the one sheep;177 for there it is said [that it be brought continually every day] at the door of the Tent of Meeting before the Eternal, where I will meet with you, to speak there unto thee.178, Verse 42. Similarly the princes when bringing their dedication-offerings179 did not include amongst them drink-offerings.Now our Rabbis differed on this matter. Some of them said in the Sifre180 107. that Scripture here teaches us that they only became obliged to bring drink-offerings from the time that they came into the Land onwards etc.; but some of them said that it is [only] the individual who was not obliged to bring drink-offerings [together with his offering] until they entered the Land [but public offerings were always accompanied by drink-offerings].He also completed [here] the laws relating to the priests by commanding the [duty of the] dough-offering,181 which was not applicable in the wilderness, for it was already known that the heave-offering and the tithes do not apply there, since such produce was winnowed by non-Jews and [grown] outside the Land of Israel. There is also a difference in the opinion of the Rabbis182 110. concerning the [law of the] dough-offering [which is different from that of tithes etc.], namely that they became subject to the law of the dough-offering as soon as they entered the Land, but were not liable to [separate] tithes and the heave-offering until after [the fourteen years of] the conquest and settlement [of the Land].