Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah

Sforno on Exodus 20:11/ספורנו על שמות כ׳:י״א

אכִּי שֵׁשֶׁת יָמִים עָשָׂה ה'. וְהַמְכֻוָּן מֵהֶם שֶׁיִּדְמֶה הָאָדָם לְבוֹרְאוֹ כְּפִי הָאֶפְשָׁר, וְזֶה בְּעִיּוּן וּבְתַלְמוּד וּבְמַעֲשֶׂה הַבְּחִירִי לְרָצוֹן לְפָנָיו.
1'כי ששת ימים עשה ה, the reason why the Torah repeats this theme on several occasions is to remind man to emulate his Maker, to model his own conduct according to what G’d has revealed about Himself. This can be done by intensive voluntary study of disciplines which we know G’d is fond of.
בוַיָּנַח בַּיּוֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִי. שֶׁבּוֹ כְּבָר נִשְׁלַם כָּל הַצָּרִיךְ לְהָבִיא הַמְּכֻוָּן אֶל תַּכְלִית, וּבִשְׁלֵמוּת תִּהְיֶה הַמְּנוּחָה.
2וינח ביום השביעי, seeing that all the ingredients of the physical world had already been put in place. When something is complete מנוחה, a state of productive rest, a period devoid of conflicting demands, tensions, this becomes possible.
געַל כֵּן בֵּרַךְ ה' אֶת יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת. בְּנֶפֶשׁ יְתֵרָה, וְהִיא הֲכָנָה יְתֵרָה לַעֲבוֹדַת הָאֵל יִתְבָּרַךְ:
3על כן ברך ה' את יום השבת, a reference to the “additional” soul G’d has provided for every Jew on this day. This serves as spiritual preparation for the proper enjoyment of such a holy day.
דוַיְקַדְּשֵׁהוּ. שֶׁיִּהְיֶה כֻּלּוֹ לַה':
4ויקדשהו, He sanctified it entirely, so that the entire day be devoted to matters spiritual.