Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Sforno · Torah

Sforno on Exodus 27:20/ספורנו על שמות כ״ז:כ׳

אוְאַתָּה תְּצַוֶּה. הִנֵּה מַה שֶּׁאָמַר עַד עַכְשָׁיו "וְעָשִׂיתָ" יוּבַן שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה עַל יְדֵי אַחֵר, וְזֶה שֶׁיְּצַוֶּה לָאוּמָנִים שֶׁיַּעֲשׂוּ. וּלְפִיכָךְ בְּאֵלּוּ הַשָּׁלוֹשׁ מִצְווֹת שֶׁצִּוָּה הִנֵּה אָמַר וְאַתָּה, לְהוֹדִיעוֹ שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה הוּא בְּעַצְמוֹ, שֶׁיְּצַוֶּה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל עַל עֲשִׂיַּת הַשֶּׁמֶן, וְשֶׁיַּקְרִיב אֵלָיו אֶת אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו (שמות כח:א) וְשֶׁיְדַבֵּר אֶל כָּל חַכְמֵי לֵב (שמות כח:ג).
1ואתה תצוה, If, prior to this admonition, the Torah introduced its instructions with the words ועשית, “you will do, etc.,” the meaning had been that Moses was not to do this personally, but that he was to delegate the tasks in question. The formulation ואתה, however, means: “and you personally.” He, personally, was to issue instructions to the Israelites concerning providing the oil for the Menorah. He, personally, was to assemble Aaron and his sons and to address all the חכמי לב, “wise-hearted people.” (28,1 and 28,3)
בוְיִקְחוּ אֵלֶיךָ. כְּשֶׁיִּצְטָרֵךְ, וְזֶה יִהְיֶה בִּכְלוֹת הַשֶּׁמֶן לַמָּאוֹר שֶׁהִתְנַדְּבוּ עַתָּה בִּנְדָבַת הַמִּשְׁכָּן, שֶׁלֹּא יַחְשְׁבוּ שֶׁתִּהְיֶה מִצְוַת הַדְלָקַת הַמְּנוֹרָה מִצְוַת שָׁעָה בַּשֶּׁמֶן הַהוּא שֶׁהִתְנַדְּבוּ בִּלְבַד.
2ויקחו אליך, as the need would arise in the future, after the Tabernacle had been completed. The people should not think that donating oil for the Menorah now was the only time that this commandment would be actual. It would have to be replaced from time to time as the supply kept would become depleted on an ongoing basis.