Tanach · Rishonim on Tanach · Ramban · Torah
Ramban on Numbers 4:27/רמב"ן על במדבר ד׳:כ״ז
אעַל פִּי אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו תִּהְיֶה כָּל עֲבֹדַת בְּנֵי הַגֵּרְשֻׁנִּי – וְאֵי זֶה מִן הַבָּנִים מְמֻנֶּה עֲלֵיהֶם? אִיתָמָר, לְשׁוֹן רַשִׁ״י (רש״י על במדבר ד׳:כ״ז). וְאֵינוֹ נָכוֹן, כִּי לָמָּה יַזְכִּיר אַהֲרֹן? אֲבָל פֵּרוּשׁ עַל פִּי אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו תִּהְיֶה – שֶׁתִּהְיֶה עֲבוֹדָתָם עַל פִּיהֶם, הֵם יְמַנּוּ בְּנֵי הַגֵּרְשׁוּנִּי עַל עֲבוֹדָתָם, יֹאמְרוּ: פְּלוֹנִי מִבְּנֵי גֵרְשׁוֹן יִהְיֶה גִּזְבָּר עַל עִנְיַן כָּךְ, וְיִהְיֶה מְשׁוֹרֵר אוֹ שׁוֹעֵר כָּךְ, וְיִשָּׂא מִן הַיְרִיעוֹת כָּךְ. וְגַם בַּמַּסָּע לֹא יִפְרְקוּ וְלֹא יִטְעֲנוּ עַד שֶׁיְּצַוּוּ אוֹתָם אַהֲרֹן וּבָנָיו. וְהִנֵּה כֻּלָּם צְרִיכִין לִפְקִידָה שֶׁהוּא הַמִּנּוּי, וְאֶלְעָזָר אֲמַרְכַּל עַל כָּל שְׁלֹשֶׁת הַנְּשִׂיאִים, וְאִיתָמָר גִּזְבָּר עַל גֵּרְשׁוֹן וּמְרָרִי. וְאָמַר ״וּפְקַדְתֶּם עֲלֵיהֶם בְּמִשְׁמֶרֶת״ כִּי מֹשֶׁה יִהְיֶה עִמָּהֶם בְּעֵת הַמִּנּוּי כַּאֲשֶׁר יַפְקִידוּ אֲלֵיהֶם הַמִּשְׁמָרוֹת, אֲבָל בְּיַד אִיתָמָר תִּהְיֶה מִשְׁמַרְתָּם, שֶׁכָּל אֶחָד יַחְזִיר כֵּלָיו לְיָדוֹ בַּחֲנוֹת הַמִּשְׁכָּן וְיֹאמַר לוֹ: ״הֲרֵי לְפָנֶיךָ כֵּלִים הַמְּסוּרִים בְּיָדִי״:
1AT THE COMMANDMENT OF AARON AND HIS SONS SHALL BE ALL THE SERVICE OF THE SONS OF THE GERSHONITES — “and which of Aaron’s sons shall be appointed over them? Ithamar” [as is stated in the following verse]. This is Rashi’s language. But it is not correct for [if only Ithamar was appointed], why mention Aaron [at all — at the commandment of Aaron etc.]? Rather, the meaning of [the expression] at the commandment of Aaron and his sons shall be all the service is that the services of the Gershonites shall be at their command. They are to appoint the Gershonites to their work, saying: “This particular Gershonite shall be the overseer for such-and-such a matter” — “This one shall sing [at the services] in such-and-such a way, or attend to the gates3 in a certain manner, or shall carry a certain number of the curtains.” At the time of journeying they were also not permitted to dismantle the Tabernacle or to begin loading it until Aaron and his sons commanded them to do so. Thus all of them [Aaron and his sons] were needed for the appointed charge, Eleazar being the chief over the three princes [of the three main families of the Levites],4 Note 204. and Ithamar being the overseer over the sons of Gershon5 and Merari.6Scripture states and ‘ye’ shall appoint unto them in charge [all which they have to carry]7 because Moses was to be with them at the time of the appointments, when the charges were given to them; but their charge shall be under the hand of Ithamar,5 meaning that each one was to return the vessels to his control when the Tabernacle came to rest, saying to him: “Here you have the vessels that were handed over to me.”